Abdominal enlargement

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Sudden or progressive enlargement of the abdomen. Localized or generalized, intermittent or persistent.

Updated 10^th of September 2008 ^{[1] [2] [3]}

Abdominal mass (localized abdominal enlargement, swelling)

• Abdominal aortic aneurysm
• Bladder distension
• Bowel obstruction
• Cholecystitis
• Colon cancer
• Crohn’s disease
• Diverticulitis
• Gallbladder tumor
• Hepatomegaly
• Hydronephrosis
• Kidney cancer
• Liver cancer
• Neuroblastoma
• Ovarian cyst
• Pancreatic abscess
• Pancreatic pseudocyst
• Splenomegaly
• Stomach cancer
• Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
• Uterine leiomyoma (fibroids)
• Volvulus
• Normal child (the stomach of a child protrudes more than adults)
• Gas
• Swallowed air
• Pregnancy
• Obesity
• Constipation
• Chronic constipation
• Poor muscle tone (Muscle weakness)
• Poor muscle tone after childbirth
• Lactose intolerance
• Food allergies
• Food intolerances
• Pregnancy
• Hernia
• Malabsorption
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Colonic bacterial fermentation
• Intestinal motility disorders

• Gastroparesis
• Diabetic gastroparesis

• Gas entrapment syndromes
• Splenic flexure
• Hepatic flexure
• Premenstrual syndrome
• Pancreatic disease
• Acute pancreatitis
• Appendicitis
• Biliary disease

• Gallbladder disease
• Other gallbladder conditions
• Gallstones

• Short bowel syndrome
• Peptic ulcer
• Ascites
• Malignant ascites
• Intestinal obstruction – causing gas or fluid buildup

• Partial bowel obstructions
• Small bowel diverticulum
• Intestinal adhesions
• Intermittent bowel obstruction
• Volvulus

• Colon cancer
• Diverticulitis
• Diverticulosis
• Ulcerative colitis
• Pseudopsiesis
• Liver disease
• Certain heart conditions

• Heart failure
• Constrictive pericarditis

• Abdominal mass
• Certain types of tumors or cancers

• Abdominal tumor
• Gastrointestinal tumor
• Abdominal cancer
• Bowel cancer
• Ovarian cancer
• Lymphoma

• Fibroids
• Ovarian cystadenoma
• Perforated viscus
• Some causes of abdominal distention of infants or children include:

• Normal infant pot belly
• Premature delivery
• Starvation
• Constipation
• Cystic fibrosis
• Celiac disease
• Hirschsprung’s disease

• Subcutaneous lipoma
• Dercum’s disease
• Adiposa dolorosa
• Malignant fibrosarcoma
• Malignant melanoma
• Inflammation of abdominal wall
• Volvulus of the sigmoid colon
• Chronic large bowel obstruction
• Megacolon
• Dynamic ileus
• Advanced pyloric stenosis
• Acute gastric dilatation
• Congestive heart failure
• Cirrhosis
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Carcinomatosis peritonei
• Tuberculous peritonitis
• Severe chronic constipation
• Malignant peritoneal disease
• Pseudomyxoma peritonei
• Encysted ascites
• Hydatid cysts
• Subphrenic abscess
• Pus accumulation from a ruptured appendix
• Pus accumulation from a ruptured duodenal ulcer
• Perforation of inflamed diverticulum
• Carcinoma of sigmoid colon
• Pelvic abscess
• Gangrenous appendicitis
• Gynecological infection
• Pelvic surgery
• Peritonitis

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