Acrocyanosis (not benign)

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Acrocyanosis refers to a bluish or cyanotic discoloration of the skin of the hands and sometimes the feet. It is often a benign condition that does not require medical intervention, but when it is not benign, it could indicate a serious medical problem and may shed important information when rendering a differential diagnosis.

Acrocyanosis may be seen in patients with connective tissue diseases, thromboangiitis obliterans, and diseases associated with central cyanosis. It can also arise chronically from a neurohormonal disorder of the cardiovascular system or acutely due to shock. Acrocyanosis can also be a sign of a sinister but slow-growing disease such as cardiac failure. It is also seen in cold agglutinin autoimmune haemolytic anaemia.

• Acquired cardiac defects
• Bronchiectasis
• Chronic bronchitis
• Cardiomyopathy
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• Cold Agglutinin Disease
• Congenital Heart Disease
• Congestive Heart Failure
• Constitutional acrocyanosis
• Cor Pulmonale
• Feer’s Disease (acrodynia)
• Mitral Stenosis
• Mitral Valve Insufficiency
• Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus
• Perniosis
• Peripheral Arterial Disease
• Pulmonary Emphysema
• Pulmonary Fibrosis
• Raynaud’s Syndrome
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Vegetative vasomotoric hyperexcitability
• Venous thrombosis
• Waldenstrom’s Syndrome

• Acrocyanosis (benign) – describes the more common benign condition

• HealthAtoZ – Acrocyanosis

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