Back pain surgery

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Surgery is rarely needed for back pain. Surgery may be required in patients with lumbar disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, compression fracture. Surgical procedure include, diskectomy, laminectomy, joint fusion, artificial disks, interlaminar implant, vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and nucleoplasty.

Surgery

Surgery may sometimes be appropriate for patients. Types of back surgeries include:

Spinal fusion: Indicated in patients with non-specific chronic pain due to degenerative disc disease resitant to medical therapy.^[1]
Laminectomy: Patients with spinal stenosis may benefit from this procedure by enlarging the spinal canal or removing bone spurs. This relieves the pain caused due to nerve compression.^[2]
Foraminotomy: This nerve decompression procedure enlarges the area on the sides of a vertebrae where spinal nerve exits the spinal canal.
Diskectomy: The herniated portion of intervertebral disc that causes nerve pain and irritation is removed.^[3]
Disk replacement: Damaged intervertebral disc is replaced by an artificial disc.^[4]
Interlaminar implant: A U-shaped device is placed in between two vertebrae in order to keep the intervertebral space open to relieve nerve compression.^[5]
Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty: G;ue like bone cement is injected to strengthen and harden the vertebra in patients with osteoporosis compression fractures.^[6]
Nucleoplasty: Also referred to as plasma disc decompression uses laser technique to reduce bone size to relieve nerve compression.^[7]

References

↑ Willems, Paul (2013). “Decision Making in Surgical Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain: The performance of prognostic tests to select patients for lumbar spinal fusion”. Acta Orthopaedica. 84 (sup349): 1–37. doi:10.3109/17453674.2012.753565. ISSN 1745-3674.
↑ Silvers, H. Roy; Lewis, P. Jeffrey; Asch, Harold L. (1993). “Decompressive lumbar laminectomy for spinal stenosis”. Journal of Neurosurgery. 78 (5): 695–701. doi:10.3171/jns.1993.78.5.0695. ISSN 0022-3085.
↑ Owens, R. Kirk; Carreon, Leah Y.; Bisson, Erica F.; Bydon, Mohamad; Potts, Eric A.; Glassman, Steven D. (2018). “Back pain improves significantly following discectomy for lumbar disc herniation”. The Spine Journal. 18 (9): 1632–1636. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2018.02.014. ISSN 1529-9430.
↑ Jacobs, Wilco; Van der Gaag, Niels A; Tuschel, Alexander; de Kleuver, Marinus; Peul, Wilco; Verbout, AJ; Oner, F Cumhur (2012). “Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration”. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008326.pub2. ISSN 1465-1858.
↑ Errico, Thomas J.; Kamerlink, Jonathan R.; Quirno, Martin; Samani, Jacques; Chomiak, Robert J. (2009). “Survivorship of coflex Interlaminar-Interspinous Implant”. International Journal of Spine Surgery. 3 (2): 59–67. doi:10.1016/SASJ-2008-0027-RR. ISSN 2211-4599.
↑ Barr, John D.; Barr, Michelle S.; Lemley, Thomas J.; McCann, Richard M. (2000). “Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Pain Relief and Spinal Stabilization”. Spine. 25 (8): 923–928. doi:10.1097/00007632-200004150-00005. ISSN 0362-2436.
↑ Lee, Jung Hwan; Lee, Sang-Ho (2016). “Clinical Efficacy of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Annuloplasty and Nucleoplasty for Treatment of Patients with Discogenic Low Back Pain”. Pain Medicine: pnv120. doi:10.1093/pm/pnv120. ISSN 1526-2375.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[Willems2013-1] Willems, Paul (2013). “Decision Making in Surgical Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain: The performance of prognostic tests to select patients for lumbar spinal fusion”. Acta Orthopaedica. 84 (sup349): 1–37. doi:10.3109/17453674.2012.753565. ISSN 1745-3674.

[SilversLewis1993-2] Silvers, H. Roy; Lewis, P. Jeffrey; Asch, Harold L. (1993). “Decompressive lumbar laminectomy for spinal stenosis”. Journal of Neurosurgery. 78 (5): 695–701. doi:10.3171/jns.1993.78.5.0695. ISSN 0022-3085.

[OwensCarreon2018-3] Owens, R. Kirk; Carreon, Leah Y.; Bisson, Erica F.; Bydon, Mohamad; Potts, Eric A.; Glassman, Steven D. (2018). “Back pain improves significantly following discectomy for lumbar disc herniation”. The Spine Journal. 18 (9): 1632–1636. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2018.02.014. ISSN 1529-9430.

[JacobsVan_der_Gaag2012-4] Jacobs, Wilco; Van der Gaag, Niels A; Tuschel, Alexander; de Kleuver, Marinus; Peul, Wilco; Verbout, AJ; Oner, F Cumhur (2012). “Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration”. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008326.pub2. ISSN 1465-1858.

[ErricoKamerlink2009-5] Errico, Thomas J.; Kamerlink, Jonathan R.; Quirno, Martin; Samani, Jacques; Chomiak, Robert J. (2009). “Survivorship of coflex Interlaminar-Interspinous Implant”. International Journal of Spine Surgery. 3 (2): 59–67. doi:10.1016/SASJ-2008-0027-RR. ISSN 2211-4599.

[BarrBarr2000-6] Barr, John D.; Barr, Michelle S.; Lemley, Thomas J.; McCann, Richard M. (2000). “Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Pain Relief and Spinal Stabilization”. Spine. 25 (8): 923–928. doi:10.1097/00007632-200004150-00005. ISSN 0362-2436.

[LeeLee2016-7] Lee, Jung Hwan; Lee, Sang-Ho (2016). “Clinical Efficacy of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Annuloplasty and Nucleoplasty for Treatment of Patients with Discogenic Low Back Pain”. Pain Medicine: pnv120. doi:10.1093/pm/pnv120. ISSN 1526-2375.

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