Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Danitza Lukac Vishal Devarkonda, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Effective measures for the primary prevention of brucellosis include not consuming unpasteurized dairy or undercooked meat, and having safe occupational practices.[1][2]
Prevention
| Recommendations for prevention of Brucellosis by CDC
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| People who consume dairy and meat products
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shouldn’t consume the following:
- Undercooked meat
- Unpasteurized dairy products, including:
- If you are not sure that the dairy product is pasteurized, do not eat it.
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| People who handle animal tissues (such as hunters and animal herdsman)
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- Use clean, sharp knives for field dressing and butchering.
- Wear eye protection and rubber or latex gloves (disposable or reusable) when handling carcasses.
- Avoid direct (bare skin) contact with fluid or organs from the animal.
- Avoid direct (bare skin) contact with hunting dogs that may have come into contact with hunted animals.
- After butchering, burn or bury disposable gloves and parts of the carcass that will not be eaten.
- Don’t feed dogs with raw meat or other parts of the carcass.
- Wash hands as soon as possible with soap and warm water for 20 seconds or more. Dry hands with a clean cloth.
- Clean all tools and reusable gloves with a disinfectant, like dilute bleach. (Follow the safety instructions on the product label).
- Thoroughly cook meat from any animal that is known to be a possible carrier of brucellosis (see the list above).
- Be aware that freezing, smoking, drying and pickling do not kill the bacteria that cause brucellosis.
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| Safe Laboratory Practices:
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- When brucellosis is suspected in a patient, clinicians should not “suspect or rule out brucellosis” on the laboratory submission.
- Review laboratory containment methods and microbiological procedures to ensure compliance with recommendations in the Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition
- Use primary barriers: use safety centrifuge cups, personal protective equipment, and class II or higher Biological Safety Cabinets (BSCs) for procedures with a high likelihood of producing droplet splashes or aerosols.
- Use secondary barriers: restrict access to the laboratory when work is being performed and maintain the integrity of the laboratory’s air handling system by keeping external doors and windows closed.
- Perform all procedures on unidentified isolates carefully to minimize the creation of splashes or aerosols.
- Prohibit sniffing of opened culture plates to assist in the identification of isolates. Manipulate isolates of small gram-negative or gram-variable rods within a BSC.
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Vaccines
- Live attenuated Brucella strains, such as B. abortus strain 19BA or 104M, have been used in some countries to protect high-risk populations.[3]
- Vaccination as displayed short-term efficacy and high reactogencity.
Reference
