Cholangiocarcinoma other imaging findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2] [3], Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [4]

Overview

Other imaging studies for cholangiocarcinoma include endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic ultrasound, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, and MRCP.

Other Imaging Findings

Other imaging studies for cholangiocarcinoma include ERCP, endoscopic ultrasound, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, and MRCP.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

While abdominal imaging can be useful in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, direct imaging of the bile duct is often necessary. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been widely used for this purpose. Although ERCP is an invasive procedure with attendant risks, its advantages include:

Evaluating the bile duct
Obtaining a biopsy
Helping for plan surgery
Place a small tube (stent) into the bile duct to relieve a blockage caused by a tumor

Endoscopic Ultrasound

Performed at the time of ERCP
Increase the accuracy of the biopsy and yield information on lymph node invasion and operability ^[1]

Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography (PTC)

Alternative technique for ERCP

Direct Cholangiography

Evaluation of the the biliary tree
Planning treatment as assessing for resectability

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

Non-invasive alternative to ERCP.^[2]
More accurately define the tumor and avoids the risks of ERCP ^[3]^[4]

References

↑ Sugiyama M, Hagi H, Atomi Y, Saito M. “Diagnosis of portal venous invasion by pancreatobiliary carcinoma: value of endoscopic ultrasonography”. Abdom Imaging. 22 (4): 434–8. PMID 9157867.
↑ Schwartz L, Coakley F, Sun Y, Blumgart L, Fong Y, Panicek D (1998). “Neoplastic pancreaticobiliary duct obstruction: evaluation with breath-hold MR cholangiopancreatography”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 170 (6): 1491–5. PMID 9609160.
↑ Yeh T, Jan Y, Tseng J, Chiu C, Chen T, Hwang T, Chen M (2000). “Malignant perihilar biliary obstruction: magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographic findings”. Am J Gastroenterol. 95 (2): 432–40. PMID 10685746.
↑ Freeman M, Sielaff T (2003). “A modern approach to malignant hilar biliary obstruction”. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 3 (4): 187–201. PMID 14668691.

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[1] Sugiyama M, Hagi H, Atomi Y, Saito M. “Diagnosis of portal venous invasion by pancreatobiliary carcinoma: value of endoscopic ultrasonography”. Abdom Imaging. 22 (4): 434–8. PMID 9157867.

[2] Schwartz L, Coakley F, Sun Y, Blumgart L, Fong Y, Panicek D (1998). “Neoplastic pancreaticobiliary duct obstruction: evaluation with breath-hold MR cholangiopancreatography”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 170 (6): 1491–5. PMID 9609160.

[3] Yeh T, Jan Y, Tseng J, Chiu C, Chen T, Hwang T, Chen M (2000). “Malignant perihilar biliary obstruction: magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographic findings”. Am J Gastroenterol. 95 (2): 432–40. PMID 10685746.

[4] Freeman M, Sielaff T (2003). “A modern approach to malignant hilar biliary obstruction”. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 3 (4): 187–201. PMID 14668691.

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