Dysplastic nevus other imaging findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) scan, and Integrated ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT can be used during the diagnostic process of melanoma. DCE-MRI has the potential to be an in vivo imaging technique that can predict and isolate the patient group prone to metastatic disease. Integrated ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT is useful in disease staging, therapy assessment, and determining prognosis. Positron emission tomography (PET) scan can help in diagnosing metastatic lesions.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI can reveal different contrast enhancement patterns in relation to microvasculature and the expression of angiogenetic factor such as vascular endothelial growth factor.^[1]
It can differentiate the tumor characterization between metastatic and non-metastatic melanoma by the K^trans value.^[2]^[1]
DCE-MRI has the potential to be an in vivo imaging technique that can predict and isolate the patient group prone to metastatic disease.^[2]

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan

Chest PET scan may be considered for diagnosis of metastatic lesions in the following conditions:^[3]

For patients who have been diagnosed with stage IA-IV melanoma
For secondary prevention of melanoma among patients who were previously diagnosed with Stage IIB-IV melanoma (annually for 5 years)

Integrated ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT

Integrated ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT is useful in disease staging, therapy assessment, and determining prognosis.^[4]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Ovrebø KM, Ellingsen C, Galappathi K, Rofstad EK (May 2012). “Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the metastatic potential of melanoma xenografts”. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 83 (1): e121–7. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.12.019. PMID 22381901.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Wei W, Jia G, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Heverhagen JT, Abdel-Rahman M, Wei L, Christoforidis JB, Davidorf F, Knopp MV (2017). “Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ocular Melanoma as a Tool to Predict Metastatic Potential”. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 41 (5): 823–827. doi:10.1097/RCT.0000000000000598. PMID 28448404.
↑ Coit DG, Andtbacka R, Anker CJ, Bichakjian CK, Carson WE, Daud A; et al. (2013). “Melanoma, version 2.2013: featured updates to the NCCN guidelines”. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 11 (4): 395–407. PMID 23584343.
↑ Perng P, Marcus C, Subramaniam RM (August 2015). “(18)F-FDG PET/CT and Melanoma: Staging, Immune Modulation and Mutation-Targeted Therapy Assessment, and Prognosis”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 205 (2): 259–70. doi:10.2214/AJR.14.13575. PMID 26204273.

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[pmid22381901-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Ovrebø KM, Ellingsen C, Galappathi K, Rofstad EK (May 2012). “Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the metastatic potential of melanoma xenografts”. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 83 (1): e121–7. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.12.019. PMID 22381901.

[pmid28448404-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Wei W, Jia G, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Heverhagen JT, Abdel-Rahman M, Wei L, Christoforidis JB, Davidorf F, Knopp MV (2017). “Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ocular Melanoma as a Tool to Predict Metastatic Potential”. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 41 (5): 823–827. doi:10.1097/RCT.0000000000000598. PMID 28448404.

[pmid23584343-3] Coit DG, Andtbacka R, Anker CJ, Bichakjian CK, Carson WE, Daud A; et al. (2013). “Melanoma, version 2.2013: featured updates to the NCCN guidelines”. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 11 (4): 395–407. PMID 23584343.

[pmid26204273-4] Perng P, Marcus C, Subramaniam RM (August 2015). “(18)F-FDG PET/CT and Melanoma: Staging, Immune Modulation and Mutation-Targeted Therapy Assessment, and Prognosis”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 205 (2): 259–70. doi:10.2214/AJR.14.13575. PMID 26204273.

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