Epididymoorchitis laboratory findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]

Overview

In patients with epididymoorchitis, laboratory investigations include a urinalysis, urine culture, as well as urethral Gram stain and PCR testing for N. gonorrhea and C. trachomatis.

Laboratory Findings

Laboratory investigations are done to help locate the source of the original infection and direct the treatment accordingly. In patients with epididymoorchitis, the following investigations may be done:^[1]

Urethral Gram stain, gentian violet and methylene blue: >WBCs per oil immersion field; presence of WBC-containing intracellular gram-negative or purple diplococci.^[2]
Urinalysis – positive leukocyte esterase test on first-void urine.^[2]
Urine culture
PCR (NAAT) to detect the presence of Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis – urine specimen is perferred.^[2]

References

↑ Trojian TH, Lishnak TS, Heiman D (2009). “Epididymitis and orchitis: an overview”. Am Fam Physician. 79 (7): 583–7. PMID 19378875.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I; et al. (2021). “Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021”. MMWR Recomm Rep. 70 (4): 1–187. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1. PMC 8344968 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 34292926 Check |pmid= value (help).

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[pmid19378875-1] Trojian TH, Lishnak TS, Heiman D (2009). “Epididymitis and orchitis: an overview”. Am Fam Physician. 79 (7): 583–7. PMID 19378875.

[pmid34292926-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I; et al. (2021). “Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021”. MMWR Recomm Rep. 70 (4): 1–187. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1. PMC 8344968 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 34292926 Check |pmid= value (help).

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