Femur fracture

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2].

Overview

A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. It includes hip fractures.

Classification

A femoral fracture that involves the femoral head, femoral neck or the shaft of the femur immediately below the lesser trochanter may be classified as a hip fracture, especially when associated with osteoporosis.

• Three types of femoral shaft fractures Type 1: Spiral or transverse Type 2: Comminuted Type 3: Open

Femoral shaft fractures can be classified with the Winquist and Hansen classification, which is based on the amount of comminution:^[1]

Grade I or 1: transverse or short oblique fractures with no comminution or a small butterfly fragment of less than 25% of width of the bone
Grade II or 2: a comminuted with a butterfly fragment of 50% or less of the width of the bone
Grade III or 3: comminuted with a large butterfly fragment of greater than 50% of the width of bone
Grade IV or 4: Segmental comminution

Treatment

Treatment depends on the part of the femur that is fractured. Traction may be useful for femoral shaft fractures but is contraindicated in femoral neck fractures.^[2]

References

↑ Page 612 in: Title Surgical treatment of orthopaedic trauma. Authors: James P. Stannard, Andrew H. Schmidt, Philip J. Kregor. Publisher: Thieme, 2007. ISBN 1-58890-307-9, ISBN 978-1-58890-307-5
↑ Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. ISBN 0-07-148480-9.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[1] Page 612 in: Title Surgical treatment of orthopaedic trauma. Authors: James P. Stannard, Andrew H. Schmidt, Philip J. Kregor. Publisher: Thieme, 2007. ISBN 1-58890-307-9, ISBN 978-1-58890-307-5

[2] Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. ISBN 0-07-148480-9.

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