Gallbladder cancer causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Definite cause of the gallbladder cancer is not determined, but several risk factors are involved in this cancer, such as gallstones, gallbladder polyps, infections, and Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Common causes of gallbladder cancer may include:^[1]^[2]^[3]

Less common causes of gallbladder cancer include:

↑ Strom BL, Soloway RD, Rios-Dalenz JL, Rodriguez-Martinez HA, West SL, Kinman JL, Polansky M, Berlin JA (1995). “Risk factors for gallbladder cancer. An international collaborative case-control study”. Cancer. 76 (10): 1747–56. PMID 8625043.
↑ Darby SC, Whitley E, Howe GR, Hutchings SJ, Kusiak RA, Lubin JH, Morrison HI, Tirmarche M, Tomásek L, Radford EP (1995). “Radon and cancers other than lung cancer in underground miners: a collaborative analysis of 11 studies”. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87 (5): 378–84. PMID 7853419.
↑ Lazcano-Ponce EC, Miquel JF, Muñoz N, Herrero R, Ferrecio C, Wistuba II, Alonso de Ruiz P, Aristi Urista G, Nervi F (2001). “Epidemiology and molecular pathology of gallbladder cancer”. CA Cancer J Clin. 51 (6): 349–64. PMID 11760569.
↑ Mano H, Roa I, Araya JC, Ohta T, Yoshida K, Araki K, Kinebuchi H, Ishizu T, Nakadaira H, Endoh K, Yamamoto M, Watanabe H (1996). “Comparison of mutagenic activity of bile between Chilean and Japanese female patients having cholelithiasis”. Mutat. Res. 371 (1–2): 73–7. PMID 8950352.
↑ Hidaka E, Yanagisawa A, Seki M, Takano K, Setoguchi T, Kato Y (2000). “High frequency of K-ras mutations in biliary duct carcinomas of cases with a long common channel in the papilla of Vater”. Cancer Res. 60 (3): 522–4. PMID 10676628.