Gastroesophageal reflux disease risk factors

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]

Common risk factors of GERD include smoking, obesity, pregnancy, alcohol binge drinking, and medications like the anticholinergic drugs. Other risk factors include some kinds of food like spicy food and bad eating habits like eating large meals.

Common risk factors of GERD include the following:

• Smoking
• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• Hiatal hernia
• Scleroderma
• Drinking a lot of alcohol
• Consuming drinks that contain caffeine

• Medications:

• Anticholinergics (e.g. for seasickness)
• Beta blockers for high blood pressure or heart disease
• Bronchodilators for asthma
• Calcium channel blockers for high blood pressure
• Dopamine-active drugs for Parkinson’s disease
• Progestin for abnormal menstrual bleeding or birth control
• Sedatives for insomnia or anxiety
• Tricyclic antidepressants

Less common risk factors of GERD include the following:^[1]

• Special kind of diet from below items:
  • Spicy food
  • Fried food
  • Sweets
• Eating habits such as the following:
  • Irregular eating
  • Eating quickly
  • Eating between meals
  • Eating large meals

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