Glucagonoma ultrasound

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2], Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D [3]

Overview

The abdominal ultrasound scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of glucagonoma. Finding on ultrasound scan suggestive of glucagonoma is a hypoechoic tumor in the distal pancreas. US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy is a non-operative histologic diagnosis. Intraoperative ultrasonography is used as an adjunct to intraoperative palpation.

Ultrasound

The ultrasound findings associated with glucagonoma are:^[1]^[2]^[3]

Endoscopic ultrasonography can detect lesions as small as 2 mm.
It is more sensitive than CT or transabdominal ultrasonography for detection of glucagonoma.
US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy is a good non-operative way to histologically diagnose glucagonoma.
Finding of a hypoechoic tumor in the distal pancreas on ultrasound is suggestive of glucagonoma.
Intraoperative ultrasonography is used as an adjunct to intraoperative palpation.

References

↑ Atiq M, Bhutani MS, Bektas M, Lee JE, Gong Y, Tamm EP; et al. (2012). “EUS-FNA for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a tertiary cancer center experience”. Dig Dis Sci. 57 (3): 791–800. doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1912-7. PMID 21964743.
↑ Koike N, Hatori T, Imaizumi T, Harada N, Fukuda A, Takasaki K; et al. (2003). “Malignant glucagonoma of the pancreas diagnoses through anemia and diabetes mellitus”. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 10 (1): 101–5. PMID 12918465.
↑ Hellman P, Hennings J, Akerström G, Skogseid B (2005). “Endoscopic ultrasonography for evaluation of pancreatic tumours in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1”. Br J Surg. 92 (12): 1508–12. doi:10.1002/bjs.5149. PMID 16231278.

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[pmid21964743-1] Atiq M, Bhutani MS, Bektas M, Lee JE, Gong Y, Tamm EP; et al. (2012). “EUS-FNA for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a tertiary cancer center experience”. Dig Dis Sci. 57 (3): 791–800. doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1912-7. PMID 21964743.

[pmid12918465-2] Koike N, Hatori T, Imaizumi T, Harada N, Fukuda A, Takasaki K; et al. (2003). “Malignant glucagonoma of the pancreas diagnoses through anemia and diabetes mellitus”. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 10 (1): 101–5. PMID 12918465.

[pmid16231278-3] Hellman P, Hennings J, Akerström G, Skogseid B (2005). “Endoscopic ultrasonography for evaluation of pancreatic tumours in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1”. Br J Surg. 92 (12): 1508–12. doi:10.1002/bjs.5149. PMID 16231278.

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