Heart murmur natural history, complications and prognosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[2]

heart murmur may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the precardium or as pathological murmur, the majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally. Complication of heart murmur depend on the cause of the murmur for example MR may lead to development of pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure,and in case of aortic valve stenosis can lead to angina, syncope, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, endocarditis, and sudden cardiac death.

• heart murmur may present as innocent murmrur or as pathological murmur.
• It may present with symptoms for instance chest pain, breathlessness, or present with signs of cardiac or extra cardiac disease.
• Heart murmurs represent the second most common reason for referral to pediatric cardiologist after asthma.^[1]
• The majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally.^[1]

• Complication and prognosis of heart murmur depend on the cause, the type and severity of the murmur.^[2] for example mitral regurgitation may lead to development of pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure,and in case of aortic valve stenosis can lead to angina, syncope.
• innocent heart murmur found incidentally and have a good prognosis.

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