Hemorrhoids other diagnostic studies

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Anoscopy is mandatory to visualize internal hemorrhoids, as they are not visible on inspection of the anal verge or palpable on performing digital rectal exam.

• Internal hemorrhoids can be viewed only using the anoscope or the flexible sigmoidoscope.
• Hemorrhoids appear as bulging bluish masses above the dentate line.
• If there are accompanying constitutional symptoms (e.g. weight loss), colonoscopy should be done to exclude colon cancer.

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