Hepatitis B physical examination
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [2]
Overview
For the majority of patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B (HBV), the physical examination is normal.[1]
Physical Examination
The aim of the initial physical examination is to check for signs of chronic liver disease, which include the following:[1]
Skin
HEENT
Abdomen
- Hepatomegaly
- Shrunken liver
- Splenomegaly
- Ascites
- Caput medusae
Extremities
Neurologic
- Asterixis
- Neurologic manifestations in cases of HBV progression to hepatic encephalopathy include a wide spectrum of cognitive impairment and motor system abnormalities.[2]
Extrahepatic Manifestations
- Arthritis-dermatitis syndrome:[3]
- Urticaria
- Petechiae
- Palpable purpura
- Arthralgia
- Arthritis of small joints
- Neuropathy
Gallery
Refer to the Cirrhosis image gallery for images of the physical findings listed above.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rotman Y, Brown TA, Hoofnagle JH (2009). “Evaluation of the patient with hepatitis B.” Hepatology. 49 (5 Suppl): S22–7. doi:10.1002/hep.22976. PMC 2881483. PMID 19399815.
- ↑ Vilstrup H, Amodio P, Bajaj J, Cordoba J, Ferenci P, Mullen KD; et al. (2014). “Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study Of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver”. Hepatology. 60 (2): 715–35. doi:10.1002/hep.27210. PMID 25042402.
- ↑ Han SH (2004). “Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis B.” Clin Liver Dis. 8 (2): 403–18. PMID 15481347.
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