Hyperkalemia risk factors
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2],Jogeet Singh Sekhon
Overview
The kidneys normally remove excess potassium from the body. Most cases of hyperkalemia occur in disorders that reduce the kidneys’ ability to get rid of potassium. This may result from disorders such as acute kidney failure, chronic kidney failure and glomerulonephritis.
Risk Factors
- The kidneys normally remove excess potassium from the body
- Most cases of hyperkalemia are due to disorders that reduce the kidneys‘ ability to get rid of potassium [1][2]
Common risk factors
- The most common risk factors for hyperkalmeia include[3]:
- Burns
- Disorders that cause blood cells to burst (hemolytic conditions)
- Gastrointestinal bleeding
- Rhabdomyolysis from drugs, alcoholism, coma, or certain infections
- Surgery
- Traumatic injury
- Tumors
- Acidosis
- Medications
- spironolactone
- amiloride
- triamterene
- Potassium supplements (especially intravenous potassium).
Less common risk factors
- Fasting
- Exercise
- Fluoride toxicity
- Hypoparathyroidism
References
- ↑ Wang WH, Giebisch G (2009). “Regulation of potassium (K) handling in the renal collecting duct”. Pflugers Arch. 458 (1): 157–68. doi:10.1007/s00424-008-0593-3. PMC 2730119. PMID 18839206.
- ↑ Giebisch GH, Wang WH (2010). “Potassium transport–an update”. J Nephrol. 23 Suppl 16: S97–104. PMID 21170894.
- ↑ Magner PO, Robinson L, Halperin RM, Zettle R, Halperin ML (1988). “The plasma potassium concentration in metabolic acidosis: a re-evaluation”. Am J Kidney Dis. 11 (3): 220–4. PMID 3344745.
- ↑ Giebisch G (1998). “Renal potassium transport: mechanisms and regulation”. Am J Physiol. 274 (5 Pt 2): F817–33. PMID 9612319.
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