Hypertensive nephropathy history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nasrin Nikravangolsefid, MD-MPH [2]

Most of the patients with hypertensive nephropathy have no symptoms, although a majority give a history of being on medications for chronic hypertension.

• The majority of patients with hypertensive nephropathy are asymptomatic.
• Patients with hypertensive nephropathy may have a positive history of hypertension for many years.
• If hypertension left untreated or uncontrolled leads to developing symptoms of end-organ damage that include^[1]:
  • Headache
  • Blurred vision
  • symptoms of heart failure: dyspnea, chest pain, edema
  • Kidneys can be involved and symptoms of chronic renal failure might be developed such as^[2]:
    • Weakness
    • Malaise
    • Nausea
    • loss of appetite
    • weight loss
    • pruritus
    • dry skin
    • Muscle cramp
    • lower extremity edema
    • Sleep disorders
    • increased or decreased in urinary output

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