Hypoaldosteronism history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]

Hypoaldosteronism often has a gradual onset. Patients of hypoaldosteronism should be enquired about the use of drugs that can alter aldosterone production or function. These drugs include ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers and NSAIDs. The most common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include fatigue, muscle weakness, and low blood pressure. Other less common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include hyperpigmentation, gastrointestinal disturbances, and abdominal pain.

Obtaining a history gives important information in making a diagnosis of hypoaldosteronism. It provides an insight into the cause, precipitating factors, and associated comorbid conditions. A complete history will help determine the correct therapy and helps in determining the prognosis. Hypoaldosteronism patients are usually asymptomatic. Patients with hypoaldosteronism may have a positive history of:^[1][2][3]

• Renal disease
• Diabetes mellitus
• History of fatigue
• Episodes of lightheadedness and palpitations
• Drug use such as ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers and NSAIDs
• Craving for salty food

Common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include:^[4][5][6][7]

• Chronic fatigue
• Low blood pressure
• Lightheadedness
• Palpitations
• Muscle weakness
• Anorexia
• Weight loss
• Salt craving
• Dizziness

Less common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include:^[8]

• Hyperpigmentation
• Gastrointestinal disturbances
• Abdominal pain
• Depression

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