Kidney stone risk factors
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include dietary habits, low urinary pH, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperuricemia, hyperuricosuria, obesity, diabetes mellitus, environmental factors such as hot climate, drugs such as thiazide, furosemide, sulfadiazine, indinavir. Less common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include hypocitraturia, beverage use, drugs like ciprofloxacin and triamterene.
Risk Factors
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:[1]
- Dietary habits
- Low urinary pH
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypercalciuria
- Hyperoxaluria
- Hyperuricemia
- Hyperuricosuria
- Metabolic syndrome
- Obesity
- Diabetes mellitus
- Environmental – such as hot climate
- Drugs[2]
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of nephrolithiasis include:[1]
- Hypocitraturia
- Beverage use
- Drugs[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Romero V, Akpinar H, Assimos DG (2010). “Kidney stones: a global picture of prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors”. Rev Urol. 12 (2–3): e86–96. PMC 2931286. PMID 20811557.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matlaga BR, Shah OD, Assimos DG (2003). “Drug-induced urinary calculi”. Rev Urol. 5 (4): 227–31. PMC 1508366. PMID 16985842.
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