Metabolic alkalosis diagnostic study of choice

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Marufa Marium, M.B.B.S[2]

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis(ABG) is gold standard for diagnosis of Metabolic Alkalosis. Other laboratory tests, for instance Basic metabolic panel, serum aldosterone, serum renin, Urine analysis, urine pH, Urine chloride and sodium, Chest X-ray, Abdominal USG/CT are done to rule out the causes of metabolic alkalosis.

• The following result of ABG is confirmatory of Metabolic Alkalosis:
  • Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45.
  • Serum Bicarbonate level is elevate more than 26 mole Equilibrium/Liter.
  • Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate.

• Investigations:
  • Among patients who present with clinical signs of Metabolic Alkalosis, the ABG is the most efficient test for diagnosis.

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The following result of Arterial blood gas analysis is confirmatory of Metabolic Alkalosis:

• • Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45.
  • Serum Bicarbonate level is elevate more than 26 mole Equilibrium/Liter.
  • Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate.

The various investigations must be performed in the following order:

• • ABG
  • Basic metabolic panel
  • Serum aldosterone
  • Serum renin
  • Urine analysis, Urine pH
  • Urine chloride and sodium
  • Chest X-ray
  • Abdominal USG/CT
  • Central VBG
  • Genetic Testing

• The diagnosis of Metabolic Alkalosis is based on the laboratory diagnosis, which includes:
  • Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45.
  • Serum Bicarbonate level is elevate more than 26 mole Equilibrium/Liter.
  • Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate.

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