Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia classification

Mydah Sajid, MD[1]

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia may be classified into primary subtype based on the genetic mutations and no known underlying disease and secondary subtype due to known underlying cause^[1].

• Primary:
  • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
    • Congenital
    • Acquired
  • Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
    • Shiga toxin E-coli
    • Atypical

• Secondary:
  • Malignant hypertension
  • Pregnancy
    • Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia
    • Thrombotic microangiopathy
    • Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP syndrome)
  • Drug or toxin mediated:
    • calcineurin inhibitors, quinine
  • Viral infections:
    • Epstein-Barr virus
    • Influenza
    • HIV
  • Cancer
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • Solid organ or bone marrow transplantation
  • Nutritional deficiency: Vitamin B12 or vitamin C deficiency

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