Mycobacterium malmoense

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Mycobacterium malmoense is a bacteria. Etymology: malmoense, from the city of Malmö, Sweden where it was first isolated.

Gram-positive, nonmotile, acid-fast and coccoid to short rods.

• Environmental reservoir: soil and water.

Colony characteristics

• Smooth and nonpigmented colonies, growth below the surface of semisolid agar medium after deep inoculation (as seen with M. bovis), 0.9 – 1.7mm in diameter.

Physiology

• Growth on inspissated egg medium and oleic acid-albumin agar at a temperature range of 22°C-37°C requires over 1 week.
• Susceptible to ethambutol, ethionamide, kanamycin and cycloserine.

Differential characteristics

• Antigenic structure: seroagglutination demonstrates a single serovar distinct from that of other species.

• Usually infects young children with cervical lymphadenitis or adults with chronic pulmonary disease, (mostly with previously documented pneumoconiosis).
• Rarely causes extrapulmonary diseases and disseminated infections
• Biosafety level 2

• First isolated from sputum and biopsy specimens with pulmonary disease in Malmö, Sweden.

Strain ATCC 29571 = CCUG 37761 = CIP 105775 = DSM 44163 = JCM 13391 = NCTC 11298.

• Mycobacterium malmoense^[1]

• 1. In vitro

• Susceptible: Ethambutol, Ethionamide, Kanamycin, and Cycloserine
• Resistant: INH, Streptomycin, Rifampin, and Capreomycin

• 2. Pulmonary M. malmoense infection

• Preferred regimen: INH AND Rifampin AND Ethambutol ± Quinolones AND Macrolides

• Schroder,K., I. Juhlin 1977. Mycobacterium malmoense sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1977, 27, 241-246.]

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