Pacemaker syndrome differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2] Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]

Patients with pacemaker syndrome present with varied symptoms resulting from dyssynchrony between atria and ventricles. Pacemaker syndrome should be differentiated from the following diseases:Acute coronary syndrome, failed pacemaker, hypothyroidism, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, arrhythmias (especially supraventricular tachycardias), hyperthyroidism, pulmonary embolism, and carotid sinus hypersensitivity.

Patients with pacemaker syndrome present with varied symptoms resulting from dyssynchrony between atria and ventricles.

Presenting symptoms include:

• Dyspnea
• Edema
• Orthopnea
• Symptoms of low cardiac output like weakness, fatigue, lightheadedness and dyspnea on exertion
• Hypotension
• Shock
• Orthostatic changes
• Syncope
• Dizziness
• Right upper quadrant pain
• Headaches
• Palpitations
• Easy fatigability

Pacemaker syndrome should be differentiated from the following diseases:

• Consider Pacemaker Syndrome as a differential diagnosis in a patient with implanted ventricular pacemaker who develops new neurological or cardiovascular symptoms
• Acute coronary syndrome
• Failed pacemaker
• Hypothyroidism
• Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
• Arrhythmias (especially supraventricular tachycardias)
• Hyperthyroidism
• Pulmonary embolism
• Carotid sinus hypersensitivity

On the basis [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3], [disease name] must be differentiated from [disease 1], [disease 2], [disease 3], [disease 4], [disease 5], and [disease 6].

Template:WikiDoc Sources