Pacemaker syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Mohammed Salih, MD. [3]

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Studies have shown that patients with pacemaker syndrome and/or with sick sinus syndrome are at higher risk of developing fatal complications that calls for the patients to be carefully monitored in the ICU. Complications include:

• Atrial fibrillation
• Thrombo-embolic events
• Heart failure
• Hypotension
• Cardiogenic shock
• Complications of treatment – when a new pacemaker is implanted or a new lead is placed the following complications may be seen:
  • Infection
  • Pneumothorax
  • Cardiac tamponade
  • Shock
  • Bleeding

Prognosis of pacemaker syndrome is usually excellent after correction of the pacing mode.

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