Paracoccidioidomycosis imaging findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Danitza Lukac

Overview

Common chest x-ray findings in chronic PCM include bilateral and symmetric opacities, butterfly wing pattern, architectural distorsion, paracicatricial emphysema and traction bronchiectasis. There are not many chest x-ray finding in acute PCM, but it is characterized by mediastinal and hiliar lymphadenopathy and pleural effusions.^[1] On thoraxic CT scan, chronic paracoccidioidomycosis is characterized by ground-glass attenuation, airspace consolidations, interlobular septal thickening, nodular pattern, fibrotic pattern, cavitary lesions, halo sign and reversed halo sign.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Chest X-ray

Chronic PMC:^[1]
- Bilateral and symmetric opacities
- Butterfly wing pattern
- Architectural distortion
- Paracicatricial emphysema
- Traction bronchiectasis
Acute PMC:
- Mediastinal and hiliar lymphadenopathy
- Pleural effusions

Computed Tomography

Ground-glass attenuation
Airspace consolidations
Interlobular septal thickening
Nodular pattern:
- Miliary
- Macronodular
Fibrotic pattern:
- Peribronchovascular interstitial thickening
- Areas of cicatricial emphysema
- Traction bronchiectasis
- Architectural distortion
Cavitary lesions
Halo sign
Reversed halo sign^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Barreto MM, Marchiori E, Amorim VB, Zanetti G, Takayassu TC, Escuissato DL; et al. (2012). “Thoracic paracoccidioidomycosis: radiographic and CT findings”. Radiographics. 32 (1): 71–84. doi:10.1148/rg.321115052. PMID 22236894.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Marchiori E, Valiante PM, Mano CM, Zanetti G, Escuissato DL, Souza AS; et al. (2011). “Paracoccidioidomycosis: high-resolution computed tomography-pathologic correlation”. Eur J Radiol. 77 (1): 80–4. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.06.017. PMID 19608361.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Funari M, Kavakama J, Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Castro LG, Bernard G, Rocha MS; et al. (1999). “Chronic pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis (South American blastomycosis): high-resolution CT findings in 41 patients”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 173 (1): 59–64. doi:10.2214/ajr.173.1.10397100. PMID 10397100.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Souza AS, Gasparetto EL, Davaus T, Escuissato DL, Marchiori E (2006). “High-resolution CT findings of 77 patients with untreated pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187 (5): 1248–52. doi:10.2214/AJR.05.1065. PMID 17056912.

[pmid22236894-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Barreto MM, Marchiori E, Amorim VB, Zanetti G, Takayassu TC, Escuissato DL; et al. (2012). “Thoracic paracoccidioidomycosis: radiographic and CT findings”. Radiographics. 32 (1): 71–84. doi:10.1148/rg.321115052. PMID 22236894.

[pmid19608361-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Marchiori E, Valiante PM, Mano CM, Zanetti G, Escuissato DL, Souza AS; et al. (2011). “Paracoccidioidomycosis: high-resolution computed tomography-pathologic correlation”. Eur J Radiol. 77 (1): 80–4. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.06.017. PMID 19608361.

[pmid10397100-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Funari M, Kavakama J, Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Castro LG, Bernard G, Rocha MS; et al. (1999). “Chronic pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis (South American blastomycosis): high-resolution CT findings in 41 patients”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 173 (1): 59–64. doi:10.2214/ajr.173.1.10397100. PMID 10397100.

[pmid17056912-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Souza AS, Gasparetto EL, Davaus T, Escuissato DL, Marchiori E (2006). “High-resolution CT findings of 77 patients with untreated pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187 (5): 1248–52. doi:10.2214/AJR.05.1065. PMID 17056912.

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