Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria causes
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
PCH can be an after effect of an infection, when a microorganism triggers the formation of antibodies that cross-react with the P antigen on the red blood cell membrane. Viral infections that can cause PCH include measles, mumps, influenza, adenovirus,chickenpox, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus. Bacterial infections that can cause PCH include syphilis,Haemophilus influenzae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. PCH can also be a side effect of some vaccinations. Chronic idiopathic(of unknown cause) PCH also occurs, but it is rare.
Causes
Common Causes
- Adenovirus
- Chickenpox
- Coxsackie a9
- Cytomegalovirus
- Epstein-barr virus
- Escherichia coli
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Influenza
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Measles
- Mumps
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Parvovirus b19
- Secondary syphilis
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Chronic lymphocytic lymphoma, Hemolysis, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Non-hodgkin lymphoma, Primary myelofibrosis , Pulmonary small cell carcinoma |
| Iatrogenic | Measles vaccination, Vaccinations |
| Infectious Disease | Adenovirus, Chickenpox, Coxsackie a9, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-barr virus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Influenza, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Measles, Mumps, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Parvovirus b19, Secondary syphilis, Tertiary syphilis, Treponema pallidum, Varicella-zoster virus , Visceral leishmaniasis |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Chronic lymphocytic lymphoma, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Non-hodgkin lymphoma, Primary myelofibrosis , Pulmonary small cell carcinoma |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | Secondary syphilis, Tertiary syphilis |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Idiopathic |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Adenovirus
- Chickenpox
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- Chronic lymphocytic lymphoma
- Coxsackie a9
- Cytomegalovirus
- Epstein-barr virus
- Escherichia coli
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Hemolysis
- Idiopathic
- Influenza
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Measles
- Measles vaccination
- Mumps
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Myelodysplastic syndrome
- Non-hodgkin lymphoma
- Parvovirus b19
- Primary myelofibrosis
- Pulmonary small cell carcinoma
- Secondary syphilis
- Tertiary syphilis
- Treponema pallidum
- Vaccinations
- Varicella-zoster virus
- Visceral leishmaniasis
References
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