Peptic ulcer causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ;Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]

Overview

Common causes of peptic ulcer disease include Helicobacter pylori infection and NSAID use. Less common causes of peptic ulcer disease include Crohn’s disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Cushing and Curling ulcers, Carcinoid tumors, and carcinoid syndrome.

Causes

Common Causes^[1]^[2]^[3]

Less common causes

Hormonal or mediator-induced including secondary acid hypersecretory states
Antral G-cell hyperfunction
Post-surgical antral exclusion and post gastric bypass surgery
Cancers and lymphomas
Cameron ulcer (gastric ulcer where a hiatus hernia passes through the diaphragmatic hiatus)
True idiopathic ulcer

Rare causes of peptic ulcer disease

Crohn’s disease of the stomach or duodenum
Eosinophilic gastroduodenitis
Systemic mastocytosis
Radiation damage
Viral infections (eg cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex infection, in particular in immunocompromised patients)
Colonization of stomach with H heilmanii
Severe systemic disease

Genetic causes^[4]

Peptic ulcer disease caused by gastrinomas (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome) caused by a mutation in MEN gene present on chromosome 11q13

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Rosacea,Chronic idiopathic urticaria ,Psoriasis vulgaris ,Behcet’s disease ,Alopecia areata,Sweet’s syndrome ^[5]
Drug Side Effect	Aceclofenac, Acemetacin, Alendronate, Artemether and lumefantrin, Aspirin, Azapropazone, Benoxaprofen, Bisphosphonates, Carbinoxamine, Celecoxib, Clopidogrel, Dexamethasone, Diclofenac, Diflunisal, Ethanol, ethanolamine oleate, Etidronic acid, Etodolac, Etoricoxib, Febuxostat, Fenbufen, Fenoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Glucocorticoids, Hydrocortisone, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen, Laxative abuse, Mefenamic acid, Meloxicam, Mepenzolate bromide, Methylprednisolone, Nabumetone, Naproxen, Naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium, Niacin, Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Oxcarbazepine, Para-amino salicylic acid, Pergolide, Phenylbutazone, Pramipexole, Piroxicam, Pramipexole, Prednisolone, Prednisone, Rofecoxib, Sertraline, Sulindac, Tacrolimus, Tenoxicam, Tiaprofenic acid, Tocilizumab, Tolazoline, Tolmetin, Trimetrexate
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Cushing syndrome, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, primary hyperparathyroidism
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Crohn disease, Cushing ulcers, Dieulafoy’s lesion, Duodenal ulcer, Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, Gastric ulcer, Oesophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Carcinoid tumours and carcinoid syndrome, Stomach cancer, Curling ulcers
Genetic	Zollinger -Ellison syndrome associated with MEN TYPE 1 syndrome caused by mutation in MEN gene present on chromosome 11q 13
Hematologic	Mastocytosis, Polycythaemia rubra vera, Primary thrombocythemia
Iatrogenic	Mechanical ventilation
Infectious Disease	Helicobacter pylori
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Cushing ulcers
Nutritional / Metabolic	Hypercalcaemia
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Carcinoid tumours and carcinoid syndrome, Stomach cancer, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome , gastrinomas
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	Aceclofenac, Acemetacin, Alendronate, Aspirin, Azapropazone, Benoxaprofen, Bisphosphonates, Celecoxib, Clopidogrel, Diclofenac, Diflunisal, Ethanol, Etodolac, Etoricoxib, Fenbufen, Fenoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Glucocorticoids, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen, Laxative abuse, Mefenamic acid, Meloxicam, Nabumetone, Naproxen, Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Para-amino salicylic acid, Phenylbutazone, Piroxicam, Prednisolone, Rofecoxib, Sulindac, Tacrolimus, Tenoxicam, Tiaprofenic acid, Tolazoline, Trimetrexate
Psychiatric	Curling ulcers
Pulmonary	Sarcoidosis
Renal / Electrolyte	Hypercalcemia
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Fibromyalgia^[6]
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Burns
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Alcohol, Caffeine, Smoking

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

↑ Malfertheiner P, Chan FK, McColl KE (2009). “Peptic ulcer disease”. Lancet. 374 (9699): 1449–61. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60938-7. PMID 19683340.
↑ Hirschowitz BI, Lanas A (2002). “Atypical and aggressive upper gastrointestinal ulceration associated with aspirin abuse”. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 34 (5): 523–8. PMID 11960062.
↑ Dovjak P (2017). “[Duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers and Helicobacter pylori]”. Z Gerontol Geriatr (in German). 50 (2): 159–169. doi:10.1007/s00391-017-1190-x. PMID 28150170.
↑ Jensen RT, Niederle B, Mitry E, Ramage JK, Steinmuller T, Lewington V; et al. (2006). “Gastrinoma (duodenal and pancreatic)”. Neuroendocrinology. 84 (3): 173–82. doi:10.1159/000098009. PMID 17312377.
↑ Kutlubay Z, Zara T, Engin B, Serdaroğlu S, Tüzün Y, Yilmaz E; et al. (2014). “Helicobacter pylori infection and skin disorders”. Hong Kong Med J. 20 (4): 317–24. doi:10.12809/hkmj134174. PMID 25045884.
↑ Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named pmid28384332

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid19683340-1] Malfertheiner P, Chan FK, McColl KE (2009). “Peptic ulcer disease”. Lancet. 374 (9699): 1449–61. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60938-7. PMID 19683340.

[pmid11960062-2] Hirschowitz BI, Lanas A (2002). “Atypical and aggressive upper gastrointestinal ulceration associated with aspirin abuse”. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 34 (5): 523–8. PMID 11960062.

[pmid28150170-3] Dovjak P (2017). “[Duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers and Helicobacter pylori]”. Z Gerontol Geriatr (in German). 50 (2): 159–169. doi:10.1007/s00391-017-1190-x. PMID 28150170.

[pmid17312377-4] Jensen RT, Niederle B, Mitry E, Ramage JK, Steinmuller T, Lewington V; et al. (2006). “Gastrinoma (duodenal and pancreatic)”. Neuroendocrinology. 84 (3): 173–82. doi:10.1159/000098009. PMID 17312377.

[pmid25045884-5] Kutlubay Z, Zara T, Engin B, Serdaroğlu S, Tüzün Y, Yilmaz E; et al. (2014). “Helicobacter pylori infection and skin disorders”. Hong Kong Med J. 20 (4): 317–24. doi:10.12809/hkmj134174. PMID 25045884.

[pmid28384332-6] Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named pmid28384332

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