Pneumomediastinum medical therapy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2]

Overview

Pneumomediastinum is considered a benign condition. The first step in the treatment is the exclusion of any significant pathology causing pneumomediastinum and if diagnosed, treat the underlying conditions. In case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum without any complications, patients are required to be hospitalized for 24 hours for observational purposes.

Medical therapy

Pneumomediastinum is considered a benign condition^[1]^[2].
The first step in the treatment is the exclusion of any significant pathology causing pneumomediastinum and if diagnosed, treat the underlying conditions such as exacerbation of asthma, COPD, pneumonia, pneumothorax, Boerhaave syndrome, mediastinitis, bronchiectasis or ARDS.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]
In case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum without any complications, patients are required to be hospitalized for 24 hours for observational purposes.
Other treatment options are the following:
- Bedrest
- Analgesic drugs
- Anti-anxiety drugs

References

↑ Agut A, Talavera J, Buendia A, Anson A, Santarelli G, Gomez S (2015). “IMAGING DIAGNOSIS-SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM SECONDARY TO PRIMARY PULMONARY PATHOLOGY IN A DALMATIAN DOG”. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 56 (5): E54–7. doi:10.1111/vru.12223. PMID 25388364.
↑ Koullias GJ, Korkolis DP, Wang XJ, Hammond GL (May 2004). “Current assessment and management of spontaneous pneumomediastinum: experience in 24 adult patients”. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 25 (5): 852–5. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.01.042. PMID 15082293.
↑ Kobashi Y, Okimoto N, Matsushima T, Soejima R (April 2002). “Comparative study of mediastinal emphysema as determined by etiology”. Intern. Med. 41 (4): 277–82. PMID 11993787.
↑ . doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.01.11. Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ Chiu CY, Wong KS, Yao TC, Huang JL (March 2005). “Asthmatic versus non-asthmatic spontaneous pneumomediastinum in children”. Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. 23 (1): 19–22. PMID 15997870.
↑ Iyer VN, Joshi AY, Ryu JH (May 2009). “Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: analysis of 62 consecutive adult patients”. Mayo Clin. Proc. 84 (5): 417–21. doi:10.1016/S0025-6196(11)60560-0. PMC 2676124. PMID 19411438.
↑ Dionísio, Patrícia; Martins, Luís; Moreira, Susana; Manique, Alda; Macedo, Rita; Caeiro, Fátima; Boal, Luísa; Bárbara, Cristina (2017). “Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: experience in 18 patients during the last 12 years”. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia. 43 (2): 101–105. doi:10.1590/s1806-37562016000000052. ISSN 1806-3756.

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[pmid25388364-1] Agut A, Talavera J, Buendia A, Anson A, Santarelli G, Gomez S (2015). “IMAGING DIAGNOSIS-SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM SECONDARY TO PRIMARY PULMONARY PATHOLOGY IN A DALMATIAN DOG”. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 56 (5): E54–7. doi:10.1111/vru.12223. PMID 25388364.

[pmid15082293-2] Koullias GJ, Korkolis DP, Wang XJ, Hammond GL (May 2004). “Current assessment and management of spontaneous pneumomediastinum: experience in 24 adult patients”. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 25 (5): 852–5. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.01.042. PMID 15082293.

[pmid11993787-3] Kobashi Y, Okimoto N, Matsushima T, Soejima R (April 2002). “Comparative study of mediastinal emphysema as determined by etiology”. Intern. Med. 41 (4): 277–82. PMID 11993787.

[4] . doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.01.11. Missing or empty |title= (help)

[pmid15997870-5] Chiu CY, Wong KS, Yao TC, Huang JL (March 2005). “Asthmatic versus non-asthmatic spontaneous pneumomediastinum in children”. Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. 23 (1): 19–22. PMID 15997870.

[pmid19411438-6] Iyer VN, Joshi AY, Ryu JH (May 2009). “Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: analysis of 62 consecutive adult patients”. Mayo Clin. Proc. 84 (5): 417–21. doi:10.1016/S0025-6196(11)60560-0. PMC 2676124. PMID 19411438.

[DionísioMartins2017-7] Dionísio, Patrícia; Martins, Luís; Moreira, Susana; Manique, Alda; Macedo, Rita; Caeiro, Fátima; Boal, Luísa; Bárbara, Cristina (2017). “Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: experience in 18 patients during the last 12 years”. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia. 43 (2): 101–105. doi:10.1590/s1806-37562016000000052. ISSN 1806-3756.

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