Polymyositis and dermatomyositis risk factors

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include environmental factors such as infection, malignancy, and drug toxicities from statins or immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include environmental factors such as infection, malignancy, and drug toxicities from statins or immune checkpoint inhibitors.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Common Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include:^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
- Viral infections such as:
- Malignancy such as:
- Medications such as:
  - Statins
  - Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as:
    - Ipilimumab
    - Pembrolizumab
    - Interferon-alpha
    - IL-2 therapy

Less Common Risk Factors

Less common risk factors in the development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include:^[6]
- Tobacco smoking (association with interstitial lung disease and rise in anti-Jo-1 antibody)
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy (risk factor for a juvenile dermatomyositis)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Adler BL, Christopher-Stine L (February 2018). “Triggers of inflammatory myopathy: insights into pathogenesis”. Discov Med. 25 (136): 75–83. PMID 29579414.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Dobloug, Cecilie; Garen, Torhild; Bitter, Helle; Stjärne, Johan; Stenseth, Guri; Grøvle, Lars; Sem, Marthe; Gran, Jan Tore; Molberg, Øyvind (2015). “Prevalence and clinical characteristics of adult polymyositis and dermatomyositis; data from a large and unselected Norwegian cohort”. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 74 (8): 1551–1556. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205127. ISSN 0003-4967.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Chinoy, H.; Fertig, N.; Oddis, C. V; Ollier, W. E R; Cooper, R. G (2007). “The diagnostic utility of myositis autoantibody testing for predicting the risk of cancer-associated myositis”. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 66 (10): 1345–1349. doi:10.1136/ard.2006.068502. ISSN 0003-4967.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Dalakas, Marinos C; Hohlfeld, Reinhard (2003). “Polymyositis and dermatomyositis”. The Lancet. 362 (9388): 971–982. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14368-1. ISSN 0140-6736.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Douglas, William W.; Tazelaar, Henry D.; Hartman, Thomas E.; Hartman, Robert P.; Decker, Paul A.; Schroeder, Darrell R.; Ryu, Jay H. (2001). “Polymyositis–Dermatomyositis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease”. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 164 (7): 1182–1185. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.7.2103110. ISSN 1073-449X.
↑ Schiffenbauer, Adam; Faghihi-Kashani, Sara; O’Hanlon, Terrence P.; Flegel, Willy A.; Adams, Sharon D.; Targoff, Ira N.; Oddis, Chester V.; Ytterberg, Steven R.; Aggarwal, Rohit; Christopher-Stine, Lisa; Shamim, Ejaz A.; Dellaripa, Paul F.; Danoff, Sonye K.; Mammen, Andrew; Miller, Frederick W. (2018). “The impact of cigarette smoking on the clinical and serological phenotypes of polymyositis and dermatomyositis”. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.02.003. ISSN 0049-0172.

[pmid29579414-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Adler BL, Christopher-Stine L (February 2018). “Triggers of inflammatory myopathy: insights into pathogenesis”. Discov Med. 25 (136): 75–83. PMID 29579414.

[DoblougGaren2015-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Dobloug, Cecilie; Garen, Torhild; Bitter, Helle; Stjärne, Johan; Stenseth, Guri; Grøvle, Lars; Sem, Marthe; Gran, Jan Tore; Molberg, Øyvind (2015). “Prevalence and clinical characteristics of adult polymyositis and dermatomyositis; data from a large and unselected Norwegian cohort”. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 74 (8): 1551–1556. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205127. ISSN 0003-4967.

[ChinoyFertig2007-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Chinoy, H.; Fertig, N.; Oddis, C. V; Ollier, W. E R; Cooper, R. G (2007). “The diagnostic utility of myositis autoantibody testing for predicting the risk of cancer-associated myositis”. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 66 (10): 1345–1349. doi:10.1136/ard.2006.068502. ISSN 0003-4967.

[DalakasHohlfeld2003-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Dalakas, Marinos C; Hohlfeld, Reinhard (2003). “Polymyositis and dermatomyositis”. The Lancet. 362 (9388): 971–982. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14368-1. ISSN 0140-6736.

[DouglasTazelaar2001-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Douglas, William W.; Tazelaar, Henry D.; Hartman, Thomas E.; Hartman, Robert P.; Decker, Paul A.; Schroeder, Darrell R.; Ryu, Jay H. (2001). “Polymyositis–Dermatomyositis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease”. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 164 (7): 1182–1185. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.7.2103110. ISSN 1073-449X.

[SchiffenbauerFaghihi-Kashani2018-6] Schiffenbauer, Adam; Faghihi-Kashani, Sara; O’Hanlon, Terrence P.; Flegel, Willy A.; Adams, Sharon D.; Targoff, Ira N.; Oddis, Chester V.; Ytterberg, Steven R.; Aggarwal, Rohit; Christopher-Stine, Lisa; Shamim, Ejaz A.; Dellaripa, Paul F.; Danoff, Sonye K.; Mammen, Andrew; Miller, Frederick W. (2018). “The impact of cigarette smoking on the clinical and serological phenotypes of polymyositis and dermatomyositis”. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.02.003. ISSN 0049-0172.

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