Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis must be differentiated from other causes of headache, fever, and confusion., such as bacterial/viral/fungal meningoencephalitis, other protozoal diseases, brain tumors, and vasculitides.

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis must be differentiated from other causes of headache, fever, and confusion. The following is a list of the differential diagnosis of primary amebic meningoencephalitis:

• Bacterial meningitis or encephalitis
• Viral meningitis or encephalitis
• Angiostrongylus spp. infection
• Baylisascaris spp. infection
• Brain abscess
• Brain tumors
• Cat scratch disease
• Coccidioidomycosis
• Cryptococcosis
• Echinococcosis
• Gnathostomiasis
• Histoplasmosis
• Intracranial or ventricular/periventricular hemorrhage
• Malaria
• Mucormycosis
• Neurocysticercosis
• Rabies
• Sappinia spp. infection
• Toxoplasmosis
• Tuberculosis
• Vasculitis and mixed connective tissue disease

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