Shigellosis other diagnostic studies

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Yazan Daaboul; Serge Korjian

Other diagnostic studies, such as enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or colon/rectal biopsies, are not always necessary but may be required for the diagnosis of shigellosis in the minority of patients, such as high risk patients who are hospitalized and in need of urgent management).

• Detection of S. dysenteriae type 1 toxin in stools

• Detection of virulence genes of Shigella
  • ipaH gene
  • virF gene
  • virA gene

On microscopic histopathological analysis, the following findings may be observed from samples of the colon, rectum, and occasionally the distal ileum:

• PMN infiltration
• Formation of patchy inflammatory pseudomembrane

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