Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) can occur at any age. Its incidence depends upon various possible etiologies. Prevalence of SIADH was estimated to be 2500-3000 cases per 100,000 individuals. The incidence and prevalence of SIADH in particular is less thoroughly studied in the literature. Hospitalized patients with plasma sodium concentration <125 mmol/l show an overall mortality of 28000 per 100,000 patients. The incidence of SIADH increases with age. The prevalence and incidence of SIADH does not vary by gender. There is no racial predilection to SIADH.

• SIADH is the most common cause of hyponatremia.^[1]
• Incidence of moderate and severe hyponatraemia in the United States ranges from a low of 1000 to 7000 per 100,000 among hospitalized patients.^[2]

• Prevalence of SIADH was estimated to be 2500-3000 cases per 100,000 individuals.
• Prevalence of hyponatremia in the United States has been estimated to be 1720 per 100,000 individuals.^[3]

• Hospitalized patients with plasma sodium concentration <125 mmol/l show an overall mortality of 28000 per 100,000 patients.^[4]

• The incidence of SIADH increases with age.^[5][6]

• The prevalence and incidence of SIADH does not vary by gender.
• The prevalence of hyponatremia is higher in females than males.^[7]

• There is no racial predilection to SIADH.