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Teratoma natural history

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2]

Overview

The prognosis of teratoma depends on the type of tumor and malignant transformation. Mature teratoma is begnin and has an excellent prognosis compared to immature teratoma which has a favorable prognosis.The 6 year survival rate of patients with mature teratoma is approximately 96%. The overall 5 years survival rate of patient with immature teratoma is 90% and 75% for stage II-IV.Common complications are malignant transformation, rupture, torsion, and hemolytic anemia.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

  • The symptoms of teratoma depends on the locations of the tumors.


Complications

  • Common complications of teratoma specially ovarian teratoma include:[1][2][3]
    • Torsion
    • Rupture
    • Malignant transformation
    • Infections
    • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Prognosis

  • Mature teratoma has an excellent prognosis.[4]
  • The 6 year survival rate of patients with mature teratoma is approximately 96%.[5]
  • Immature teratoma has favorable prognosis for stage I and poor for advance stages.[6]
  • Immature teratoma has 90%-95% of 5 years of survival rate for stage I and 75 % for stage II-IV.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Park SB, Kim JK, Kim KR, Cho KS (2008). “Imaging findings of complications and unusual manifestations of ovarian teratomas”. Radiographics. 28 (4): 969–83. doi:10.1148/rg.284075069. PMID 18635624.
  2. ↑ Comerci JT, Licciardi F, Bergh PA, Gregori C, Breen JL (1994) Mature cystic teratoma: a clinicopathologic evaluation of 517 cases and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol 84 (1):22-8. PMID: 8008317
  3. ↑ Singh P, Yordan EL, Wilbanks GD, Miller AW, Wee A (1988). “Malignancy associated with benign cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts) of the ovary”. Singapore Med J. 29 (1): 30–4. PMID 2841767.
  4. ↑ Terenziani M, D’Angelo P, Inserra A, Boldrini R, Bisogno G, Babbo GL; et al. (2015). “Mature and immature teratoma: A report from the second Italian pediatric study”. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 62 (7): 1202–8. doi:10.1002/pbc.25423. PMID 25631333.
  5. ↑ Göbel U, Calaminus G, Engert J, Kaatsch P, Gadner H, Bökkerink JP; et al. (1998). “Teratomas in infancy and childhood”. Med Pediatr Oncol. 31 (1): 8–15. doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-911x(199807)31:1<8::aid-mpo2>3.0.co;2-h. PMID 9607423.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Mann JR, Gray ES, Thornton C, Raafat F, Robinson K, Collins GS et al. (2008) Mature and immature extracranial teratomas in children: the UK Children’s Cancer Study Group Experience. J Clin Oncol 26 (21):3590-7. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2008.16.0622 PMID: 18541896

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