Transient ischemic attack pathophysiology
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
The pathophysiologic mechanism of transient ischemic stroke may include temporary blockage of cerebral large or small blood vessel due to atherothrombotic or embolic cause followed by complete resolution of symptoms within few hours of onset. There may be mild tissue ischemia and hypoxia responsible for transitory symptomatology of patient. The specific clinical presentation of the patient correlates with the area of brain affected due to ischemia[1][2]
Definition of Transient ischemic attack
According to American stroke association, transient ischemic stroke is defined as a transient episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischaemia, without acute infarction.[1]
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiologic mechanism of transient ischemic stroke may include temporary blockage of large or small cerebral blood vessel due to atherothrombotic or embolic cause followed by complete resolution of symptoms within few hours of onset. There may be mild tissue ischemia and hypoxia responsible for transitory symptomatology of patient. The specific clinical presentation of the patient correlates with the area of brain affected due to ischemia[1][2]
Genetic association
There may be genetic predisposition in patients suffering from transient ischemic stroke.[3][4][5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Easton JD, Saver JL, Albers GW, Alberts MJ, Chaturvedi S, Feldmann E; et al. (2009). “Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this statement as an educational tool for neurologists”. Stroke. 40 (6): 2276–93. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.192218. PMID 19423857.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Caronna JJ (1976). “Transient ischemic attacks: Pathophysiology and medical management”. Postgrad Med. 59 (3): 106–11. PMID 1264882 : 1264882 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Chinnery PF, Elliott HR, Syed A, Rothwell PM, Oxford Vascular Study (2010). “Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and risk of transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke: a genetic association study”. Lancet Neurol. 9 (5): 498–503. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70083-1. PMC 2855429. PMID 20362514.
- ↑ Flossmann E, Rothwell PM (2005). “Family history of stroke in patients with transient ischemic attack in relation to hypertension and other intermediate phenotypes”. Stroke. 36 (4): 830–5. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000158920.67013.53. PMID 15746455.
- ↑ Francis J, Raghunathan S, Khanna P (2007). “The role of genetics in stroke”. Postgrad Med J. 83 (983): 590–5. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2007.060319. PMC 2600010. PMID 17823225.
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