Zygomycosis history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Zygomycosis frequently involves the sinuses, brain, or lungs as the sites of infection. Whilst orbitorhinocerebral Zygomycosis is the most common type of the disease, this infection can also manifest in the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and in other organ systems.

Symptoms of rhinocerebral zygomycosis include:

• Eye swelling and protrusion (proptosis)
• Dark nasal eschar (scabbing)
• Fever
• Headache
• Redness of skin overlying sinuses
• Sinus pain or congestion

Symptoms of lung (pulmonary) zygomycosis include:

• Cough
• Coughing blood (occasionally)
• Fever
• Shortness of breath

Symptoms of gastrointestinal zygomycosis include:

• Abdominal pain
• Vomiting blood

Symptoms of kidney (renal) zygomycosis include:

• Fever
• Flank (side) pain

Symptoms of skin (cutaneous) zygomycosis include a single, painful, hardened area of skin that may have a blackened center.

Rarely, maxilla may be affected by Zygomycosis. The lack of case reports regarding maxillofacial Zygomycosis lies in the rich vascularity of the maxillofacial areas preventing fungal infections, although this can be overcome by more prevalent fungi, bacteria or viruses such as those responsible for Zygomycosis.

Basidiobolomycosis is usually a superficial infection of skin, but may very rarely cause lesions of the bowel or liver, mimicking bowel cancer,^[1] or Crohn’s disease.^[2]

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