Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria
Introduction
2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a rare, autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder characterized by the significant elevation of urinary levels of hydroxyglutaric acid.
Forms
Forms
2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is an organic aciduria, and has two distinct isometric variants:
L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria
The L-2 form is more common, severe, and mainly affects the central nervous system. The basal ganglia are affected, and cystic cavitations in the white matter of the brain are common, beginning in infancy. This form is chronic, with early symptoms such as hypotonia, tremors, and epilepsy declining into spongiform leukoencephalopathy, muscular choreodystonia, mental retardation, and psychomotor regression.[1]
It is associated with L2HGDH.[2]
D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria
The D2 form is rare, with symptoms including macrocephaly, cardiomyopathy, mental retardation, hypotonia, and cortical blindness.[3]
References
References
- ↑ Seijo-Martinez M, Navarro C, Castro del Rio M, Vila O, Puig M, Ribes A, Butron M (2005). “L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria: clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological findings”. Arch Neurol. 62 (4): 666–670. doi:10.1001/archneur.62.4.666. PMID 15824270.
- ↑ Topçu M, Jobard F, Halliez S; et al. (2004). “L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria: identification of a mutant gene C14orf160, localized on chromosome 14q22.1”. Hum. Mol. Genet. 13 (22): 2803–11. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh300. PMID 15385440. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Nyhan WL, Shelton GD, Jakobs C, Holmes B, Bowe C, Curry CJ, Vance C, Duran M, Sweetman L (1995). “D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria”. J Child Neurol. 10 (2): 137–142. PMID 7782605.