AO classification of proximal humerus fracture

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2].

Overview[1][2]

Overview^[1]^[2]

The injuries of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint considered as the Proximal humerus fracture. It is more common among the elderly population following a low energy trauma such as falling. Meanwhile, A few people experience the axillary nerve damage such as reduced sensation around the middle deltoid and/or axillary artery involvement.

AO classification of proximal humerus fracture


AO classification of proximal humerus fractures:
type A: extra-articular unifocal (either tuberosity +/- surgical neck of the humerus)	A1: extra-articular unifocal fracture A2: extra-articular unifocal fracture with impacted metaphyseal fracture A3: extra-articular unifocal fracture with non-impacted metaphyseal fracture
type B: extra-articular bifocal (both tuberosities +/- surgical neck of the humerus or glenohumerus dislocation)	B1: extra-articular bifocal fractures with impacted metaphyseal fracture B2: extra-articular bifocal fractures with non-impacted metaphyseal fracture B3: extra-articular bifocal fractures with glenohumerus joint dislocation
type C: extra-articular (anatomical neck) but compromise the vascular supply of the articular segment	C1: anatomical neck fracture, minimally displaced C2: anatomical neck fracture, displaced and impacted C3: anatomical neck fracture with glenohumerus joint dislocation

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Proximal humerus fracture

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References

↑ Stone MA, Namdari S (April 2019). “Surgical Considerations in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Proximal Humerus Fractures”. Orthop. Clin. North Am. 50 (2): 223–231. doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2018.10.005. PMID 30850080.
↑ Lin KM, James EW, Spitzer E, Fabricant PD (February 2018). “Pediatric and adolescent anterior shoulder instability: clinical management of first-time dislocators”. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 30 (1): 49–56. doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000566. PMID 29135565.

[pmid30850080-1] Stone MA, Namdari S (April 2019). “Surgical Considerations in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Proximal Humerus Fractures”. Orthop. Clin. North Am. 50 (2): 223–231. doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2018.10.005. PMID 30850080.

[pmid29135565-2] Lin KM, James EW, Spitzer E, Fabricant PD (February 2018). “Pediatric and adolescent anterior shoulder instability: clinical management of first-time dislocators”. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 30 (1): 49–56. doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000566. PMID 29135565.

[1]

[2]

AO classification of proximal humerus fracture

Overview^[1]^[2]

AO classification of proximal humerus fracture

Related Chapters

See also

References

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