ATC code R03
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.
R03A Adrenergics, inhalants
R03A Adrenergics, inhalants
R03AA Alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03AA01 Epinephrine
R03AB Non-selective beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03AB02 Isoprenaline
- R03AB03 Orciprenaline
R03AC Selective beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03AC02 Salbutamol
- R03AC03 Terbutaline
- R03AC04 Fenoterol
- R03AC05 Rimiterol
- R03AC06 Hexoprenaline
- R03AC07 Isoetarine
- R03AC08 Pirbuterol
- R03AC09 Tretoquinol
- R03AC10 Carbuterol
- R03AC11 Tulobuterol
- R03AC12 Salmeterol
- R03AC13 Formoterol
- R03AC14 Clenbuterol
- R03AC15 Reproterol
- R03AC16 Procaterol
- R03AC17 Bitolterol
R03AH Combinations of adrenergics
R03AK Adrenergics and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03AK01 Epinephrine and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03AK02 Isoprenaline and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03AK03 Fenoterol and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03AK04 Salbutamol and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03AK05 Reproterol and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03AK06 Salmeterol and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03AK07 Formoterol and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
An adrenergic is a drug, or other substance, which has effects similar to, or the same as, epinephrine (adrenaline). Thus, they are a kind of sympathomimetic agents. Alternatively, it may refer to something which is susceptible to epinephrine, or similar substances, such as a biological receptor (specifically, the adrenergic receptors).
Beta blockers block the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the body. Adrenergic drugs either stimulate a response (agonists) or inhibit a response (antagonists). The five categories of adrenergic receptors are: α1, α2, β1, β2, and β3, and agonists vary in specificity between these receptors, and may be classified respectively. However, there are also other mechanisms of adrenergic agonism. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are endogenous and broad-spectrum. More selective agonists are more useful in pharmacology.
α1 agonists
α1 agonists: stimulates phospholipase C activity. (vasoconstriction and mydriasis; used as vasopressors, nasal decongestants & eye exams). Selected examples are:
α2 agonists
α2 agonists: inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity. (reduce brainstem vasomotor center-mediated SNS activation; used as antihypertensives, sedatives & treatment of opiate & alcohol withdrawal symptoms). Selected examples are:
- Clonidine (mixed alpha2-adrenergic and imidazoline-I1 receptor agonist)
- Guanfacine (preference for alpha2A-subtype of adrenoceptor)
- Guanabenz (most selective agonist for alpha2-adrenergic as opposed to imidazoline-I1)
- Guanoxabenz (metabolite of guanabenz)
- Guanethidine (periferal alpha2-receptor agonist)
β1 agonists
β1 agonists: stimulates adenylyl cyclase activity; opening of calcium channel. (cardiac stimulants; used to treat cardiogenic shock, acute heart failure, bradyarrhythmias). Selected examples are:
- Dobutamine
- Isoproterenol (β1 and β2)
β2 agonists
β2 agonists: stimulates adenylyl cyclase activity; closing of calcium channel (smooth muscle relaxants; used to treat asthma and COPD). Selected examples are:
- salbutamol (albuterol in USA)
- Fenoterol
- Formoterol
- Isoproterenol (β1 and β2)
- Metaproterenol
- Salmeterol
- Terbutaline
- Clenbuterol
Other mechanisms
- Indirect action
- Mixed action
See also
External links
- Virtual Chembook article on adrenergic drugs
- adrenergic+agonists at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Template:Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents
Template:Receptor agonists and antagonists
R03B Other drugs for obstructive airway diseases, inhalants
R03B Other drugs for obstructive airway diseases, inhalants
R03BA Glucocorticoids
- R03BA01 Beclometasone
- R03BA02 Budesonide
- R03BA03 Flunisolide
- R03BA04 Betamethasone
- R03BA05 Fluticasone
- R03BA06 Triamcinolone
- R03BA07 Mometasone
- R03BA08 Ciclesonide
R03BB Anticholinergics
- R03BB01 Ipratropium bromide
- R03BB02 Oxitropium bromide
- R03BB03 Stramoni preparations
- R03BB04 Tiotropium bromide
R03BC Antiallergic agents, excluding corticosteroids
- R03BC01 Cromoglicic acid
- R03BC03 Nedocromil
R03BX Other drugs for obstructive airway diseases, inhalants
- R03BX01 Fenspiride
R03C Adrenergics for systemic use
R03C Adrenergics for systemic use
R03CA Alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03CA02 Ephedrine
R03CB Non-selective beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03CB01 Isoprenaline
- R03CB02 Methoxyphenamine
- R03CB03 Orciprenaline
- R03CB51 Isoprenaline, combinations
- R03CB53 Orciprenaline, combinations
R03CC Selective beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03CC02 Salbutamol
- R03CC03 Terbutaline
- R03CC04 Fenoterol
- R03CC05 Hexoprenaline
- R03CC06 Isoetarine
- R03CC07 Pirbuterol
- R03CC08 Procaterol
- R03CC09 Tretoquinol
- R03CC10 Carbuterol
- R03CC11 Tulobuterol
- R03CC12 Bambuterol
- R03CC13 Clenbuterol
- R03CC14 Reproterol
- R03CC53 Terbutaline, combinations
R03CK Adrenergics and other drugs for obstructive airway diseases
R03D Other systemic drugs for obstructive airway diseases
R03D Other systemic drugs for obstructive airway diseases
R03DA Xanthines
- R03DA01 Diprophylline
- R03DA02 Choline theophyllinate
- R03DA03 Proxyphylline
- R03DA04 Theophylline
- R03DA05 Aminophylline
- R03DA06 Etamiphylline
- R03DA07 Theobromine
- R03DA08 Bamifylline
- R03DA09 Acefylline piperazine
- R03DA10 Bufylline
- R03DA11 Doxofylline
- R03DA20 Combinations of xanthines
- R03DA51 Diprophylline, combinations
- R03DA54 Theophylline, combinations excluding psycholeptics
- R03DA55 Aminophylline, combinations
- R03DA57 Theobromine, combinations
- R03DA74 Theophylline, combinations with psycholeptics
R03DB Xanthines and adrenergics
- R03DB01 Diprophylline and adrenergics
- R03DB02 Choline theophyllinate and adrenergics
- R03DB03 Proxyphylline and adrenergics
- R03DB04 Theophylline and adrenergics
- R03DB05 Aminophylline and adrenergics
- R03DB06 Etamiphylline and adrenergics
R03DC Leukotriene receptor antagonists
- R03DC01 Zafirlukast
- R03DC02 Pranlukast
- R03DC03 Montelukast
- R03DC04 Ibudilast
R03DX Other systemic drugs for obstructive airway diseases
- R03DX01 Amlexanox
- R03DX02 Eprozinol
- R03DX03 Fenspiride
- R03DX05 Omalizumab
- R03DX06 Seratrodast
- R03DX07 Roflumilast
hu:ATC R03 – Az obstruktív légúti betegségek gyógyszerei
th:ATC รหัส R03
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