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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics

Introduction

Overview

Overview

The average annual incidence of ADEM is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year. It is more common during childhood, with a median age on onset between 5-8 years and a male predominance (1.8:1).

Epidemiology and Demographics

Epidemiology and Demographics

Epidemiology

  • Average annual incidence is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year[1] [2][3].
  • Population-based studies revealed a slightly lower incidence in the US and UK compared to Asian countries. The incidence of pediatric ADEM varies between 0.47/100000 and 0.64/100000 in the Asian countries [2][3] compared to 0.07/100000 and 0.30/100000 in Europe and San Diego [3][4][5] .
  • The incidence seems to be increasing with the distance from the Equator[6].

Demographics

  • ADEM is more common during childhood with a median age of onset between 5-8 years and a male predominance (1.8:1)[7].
  • The adult age of presentation ranges from 33 to 41 years without any gender preference.
  • No specific ethnic distribution has been described.
References

References

  1. ↑ Xiong CH, Yan Y, Liao Z, Peng SH, Wen HR, Zhang YX; et al. (2014). “Epidemiological characteristics of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Nanchang, China: a retrospective study”. BMC Public Health. 14: 111. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-111. PMC 3922734. PMID 24495742.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sanefuji M, Yamaguchi Y, Yasumoto S; et al. (2010). “Clinical study of childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, and acute transverse myelitis in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan”. Brain Dev. 32 (6): 454–62. doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2009.10.006. PMID 19942388.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pohl D, Hennemuth I, von Kries R, Hanefeld F (2007). “Paediatric multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Germany: results of a nationwide survey”. Eur J Pediatr. 166 (5): 405–12. doi:10.1007/s00431-006-0249-2. PMID 17219129.
  4. ↑ Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, Senac MO, Billman GF, Nespeca MP; et al. (2004). “Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features”. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 23 (8): 756–64. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd. PMID 15295226.
  5. ↑ Gudbjornsson BT, Haraldsson Á, Einarsdóttir H, Thorarensen Ó (2015). “Nationwide Incidence of Acquired Central Nervous System Demyelination in Icelandic Children”. Pediatr Neurol. 53 (6): 503–7. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.08.020. PMID 26463471.
  6. ↑ Pellegrino P, Radice S, Clementi E (2014). “Geoepidemiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis”. Epidemiology. 25 (6): 928–9. doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000176. PMID 25265138.
  7. ↑ Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N (2002). “Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients”. Neurology. 59 (8): 1224–31. doi:10.1212/wnl.59.8.1224. PMID 12391351.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujaya Chattopadhyay, M.D.[2]