Acute retinal necrosis epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

The estimated incidence of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is approximately 6.3 per 100,000 individuals. ARN that has developed from Herpes simplex virus 1 or Varicella-zoster virus is most common among patients older than 50 years, while the incidence of HSV-2 caused ARN is highest in children and young adults between age 9 and 22 years. There is no racial or gender predisposition to acute retinal necrosis.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

The estimated incidence of ARN is approximately 6.3 per 100,000 individuals.
Worldwide, the increase in immunocompromised and aged populations in most countries has been correlated with an increase in the incidence of acute retinal necrosis.^[1]
There is evidence that this incidence is underestimated due to biases in case adjudication and under-reporting of data.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Age

Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) developed from Herpes simplex virus 1 and Varicella-zoster virus is most common among patients older than 50 years.^[7]
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 2 infection is more common among children and adolescents; the incidence of HSV-2-caused ARN is highest in children and young adults between age 9 and 22 years.

Gender

There is no gender predisposition to acute retinal necrosis.

Race

There is no racial predisposition to acute retinal necrosis.

References

↑ Cochrane TF, Silvestri G, McDowell C, Foot B, McAvoy CE (2012). “Acute retinal necrosis in the United Kingdom: results of a prospective surveillance study”. Eye (Lond). 26 (3): 370–7, quiz 378. doi:10.1038/eye.2011.338. PMC 3298997. PMID 22281865.
↑ Muthiah MN, Michaelides M, Child CS, Mitchell SM (2007). “Acute retinal necrosis: a national population-based study to assess the incidence, methods of diagnosis, treatment strategies and outcomes in the UK”. Br J Ophthalmol. 91 (11): 1452–5. doi:10.1136/bjo.2007.114884. PMC 2095441. PMID 17504853.
↑ Usui Y, Goto H (2008). “Overview and diagnosis of acute retinal necrosis syndrome”. Semin Ophthalmol. 23 (4): 275–83. doi:10.1080/08820530802111325. PMID 18584564.
↑ Kezuka T, Atherton SS (2007). “Acute retinal necrosis”. Chem Immunol Allergy. 92: 244–53. doi:10.1159/000099275. PMID 17264500.
↑ Bonfioli AA, Eller AW (2005). “Acute retinal necrosis”. Semin Ophthalmol. 20 (3): 155–60. doi:10.1080/08820530500232027. PMID 16282149.
↑ Chun HL, Missotten T, Salzmann J, Lightman SL (2007). “Acute Retinal Necrosis: Features, Management, and Outcomes”. Opthalmology. 114: 756–762. Unknown parameter |Issue= ignored (|issue= suggested) (help)
↑ Brydak-Godowska J, Borkowski P, Szczepanik S, Moneta-Wielgoś J, Kęcik D (2014). “Clinical manifestation of self-limiting acute retinal necrosis”. Med. Sci. Monit. 20: 2088–96. doi:10.12659/MSM.890469. PMC 4226315. PMID 25356955.

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[pmid22281865-1] Cochrane TF, Silvestri G, McDowell C, Foot B, McAvoy CE (2012). “Acute retinal necrosis in the United Kingdom: results of a prospective surveillance study”. Eye (Lond). 26 (3): 370–7, quiz 378. doi:10.1038/eye.2011.338. PMC 3298997. PMID 22281865.

[pmid17504853-2] Muthiah MN, Michaelides M, Child CS, Mitchell SM (2007). “Acute retinal necrosis: a national population-based study to assess the incidence, methods of diagnosis, treatment strategies and outcomes in the UK”. Br J Ophthalmol. 91 (11): 1452–5. doi:10.1136/bjo.2007.114884. PMC 2095441. PMID 17504853.

[pmid18584564-3] Usui Y, Goto H (2008). “Overview and diagnosis of acute retinal necrosis syndrome”. Semin Ophthalmol. 23 (4): 275–83. doi:10.1080/08820530802111325. PMID 18584564.

[pmid17264500-4] Kezuka T, Atherton SS (2007). “Acute retinal necrosis”. Chem Immunol Allergy. 92: 244–53. doi:10.1159/000099275. PMID 17264500.

[pmid16282149-5] Bonfioli AA, Eller AW (2005). “Acute retinal necrosis”. Semin Ophthalmol. 20 (3): 155–60. doi:10.1080/08820530500232027. PMID 16282149.

[ARNopth-6] Chun HL, Missotten T, Salzmann J, Lightman SL (2007). “Acute Retinal Necrosis: Features, Management, and Outcomes”. Opthalmology. 114: 756–762. Unknown parameter |Issue= ignored (|issue= suggested) (help)

[pmid25356955-7] Brydak-Godowska J, Borkowski P, Szczepanik S, Moneta-Wielgoś J, Kęcik D (2014). “Clinical manifestation of self-limiting acute retinal necrosis”. Med. Sci. Monit. 20: 2088–96. doi:10.12659/MSM.890469. PMC 4226315. PMID 25356955.

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