Amenorrhea MRI

There are no MRI findings associated with amenorrhea. However, a MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of the diseases that can cause amenorrhea, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), androgen insensitivity syndrome, anatomic genital defects, and also pituitary adenoma.

• There are no MRI findings associated with amenorrhea. However, a MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of the diseases that can cause amenorrhea, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), androgen insensitivity syndrome, anatomic genital defects, and also pituitary adenoma.

• Rotterdam criteria is diagnostic of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Rotterdam criteria uses ultrasound findings which include:^[4]
  • Detecting 25 or more follicles^[5]
  • Detecting increased ovarian volume > 10 cm³
  • Peripheral arrangement of cysts

• Findings on an MRI suggestive of androgen insensitivity syndrome include:^[6]
  • Bilateral cryptorchidism
  • Juxta-testicular Mullerian duct cysts
  • Absent or rudimentary uterus

• Findings on an MRI suggestive of imperforate hymen include:^[7]
  • Hypoechoic mass in the vagina (hematocolpos) and enlarged uterus (haematometra)
  • Normal ovaries
• Findings on an MRI suggestive of transverse vaginal septum include:
  • Bicornuate uterus
  • Hematocolpos
  • Hematometra
  • Hematosalpinx

• Brain MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of the cause of amenorrhea. Findings on MRI suggestive of amenorrhea include:^[8]
  • Hypothalamo–pituitary lesions
  • Optic nerve compression (pituitary adenoma)
  • Inner ear abnormalities (CHARGE syndrome)
• Brain MRI is indicated in patients with amenorrhea, experiencing some alarm signs, such as headache, visual impairment, and behavioral changes.

• 
  Pituitary adenoma – Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Via Radiopaedia.org^[9]
• 
  Hypothalamic lesion – Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Via Radiopaedia.org^[9]
• 
  Pituitary non-functioning macroadenoma – Case courtesy of A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Via Radiopaedia.org^[9]

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