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Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions β€” written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.

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Amfepramone

Introduction

Overview

Overview

Amfepramone (INN)[note 1] is a stimulant drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and cathinone classes that is used as an appetite suppressant.[2][3] It is used in the short-term management of obesity, along with dietary and lifestyle changes.[2] Amfepramone is most closely chemically related to the antidepressant and smoking cessation aid bupropion (previously called amfebutamone), which has also been developed as a weight-loss medicine when in a combination product with naltrexone.[4]

Pharmacology

Pharmacology

Amfepramone itself lacks any affinity for the monoamine transporters and instead functions as a prodrug to ethcathinone.[5] Ethcathinone (and therefore amfepramone as well) is a very weak dopaminergic and serotonergic, and is approximately 10x and 20x stronger on norepinephrine in comparison, respectively.[5] As a result, ethcathinone and amfepramone can essentially be considered a member of the class of drugs known as norepinephrine releasing agents (NRAs).

Abuse

Abuse

Amfepramone is believed to have relatively low abuse potential.[6][7][8][9] but recently there have been reports of teens and adults in the UK abusing this drug, known as “tombstones” to the abusers.

Legality

Legality

Amfepramone is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance in the United States. It is also a Schedule IV controlled substance in Canada. In the UK Amfepramone is a class C drug [10] and as a medicine, it is a Schedule 3 Controlled Drug which requires safe custody. It’s not US FDA approved.

Chemistry

Chemistry

  1. Propiophenone is brominated to produce Ξ±-bromopropiophenone.
  2. This is reacted with diethylamine to yield the product, diethylpropion.[11][12]
See also

See also

Notes

Notes

  1. ↑ Another medically-utilized name is diethylpropion (BAN and AAN). Chemical names include: Ξ±-methyl-Ξ²-keto-N,N-diethylphenethylamine, N,N-diethyl-Ξ²-ketoamphetamine and N,N-diethylcathinone. Brand names include: Anorex, Linea, Nobesine, Prefamone, Regenon, Tepanil and Tenuate.
References

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “SPC-DOC_PL 16133-0001” (PDF). Medicines Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Essential Nutrition Ltd. 18 November 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Brayfield, A, ed. (30 January 2013). “Diethylpropion Hydrochloride”. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London, UK: Pharmaceutical Press. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  3. ↑ Template:Cite document
  4. ↑ Arias, HR; SantamarΓ­a, A; Ali, SF (2009). “Pharmacological and neurotoxicological actions mediated by bupropion and diethylpropion”. International Review of Neurobiology. 88: 223–55. doi:10.1016/S0074-7742(09)88009-4. PMIDΒ 19897080.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Rothman, RB; Baumann, MH (2006). “Therapeutic Potential of Monoamine Transporter Substrates”. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. 6 (17): 1845–1859. doi:10.2174/156802606778249766. PMIDΒ 17017961.
  6. ↑ Cohen, S (1977). “Diethylpropion (Tenuate): An Infrequently Abused Anorectic”. Psychosomatics. 18 (1): 28–33. doi:10.1016/S0033-3182(77)71101-6. PMIDΒ 850721.
  7. ↑ Jasinski, DR; Krishnan, S (June 2009). “Abuse Liability and Safety of Oral Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Individuals with a History of Stimulant Abuse”. Journal of Psychopharmacology. 23 (4): 419–427. doi:10.1177/0269881109103113. PMIDΒ 19329547.
  8. ↑ “Tepanil (diethylpropion hydrochloride) tablet, extended release”. Dailymed. National Institutes of Health.
  9. ↑ Caplan, J (May 1963). “Habituation to Diethylpropion (Tenuate)”. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 88: 943–944. PMCΒ 1921278. PMIDΒ 14018413.
  10. ↑ “Class C Drugs”. Schedule 2 Controlled Drugs. UK Legislation.
  11. ↑ US patent 3001910, “Anorexigenic Propiophenones”, issued 1961-09-26, assigned to Temmler-WerkeΒ 
  12. ↑ Template:Cite doi


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]