Common physical examination findings of astrocytoma include gait disturbances, Tachycardia or bradycardia, Orthostatic hypotension, reduced hearing acuity, nystagmus, abnormal extra-ocular movement, nonreactive pupils, papilledema, blurry vision, head tilt, Altered mental status, Clonus , Hyperreflexia, Muscle rigidity, proximal/distal muscle weakness unilaterally or bilaterally, cranial nerve involvement , unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity, positive Trendelenburg’s sign, unilateral/bilateral tremor and Dysmetria.

NOTE: Based on the location of the tumor,we might have different signs and symptoms.

• Patients are usually well appearing and can have gait disturbances.^[1]

Tumors which are located in the brain stem can cause heart rate and blood pressure disturbance:^[2]

• Tachycardia or bradycardia
• Orthostatic hypotension

• Skin examination of patients with astrocytoma is usually normal.

• Hearing acuity may be reduced

• Nystagmus may be present
• Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
• Pupils may not react to light
• Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of papilledema such as swollen disc, blurry vision, venous engorgement.

• Head tilt may be present^[3]

• Pulmonary examination of patients with astrocytoma is usually normal.

• Cardiovascular examination of patients with astrocytoma is usually normal.

• Abdominal examination of patients with astrocytoma is usually normal.

• Back examination of patients with astrocytoma is usually normal.

• Genitourinary examination of patients with astrocytoma is usually normal.

• Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
• Altered mental status
• Glasgow coma scale is 15 / 15
• Clonus may be present
• Hyperreflexia may be present
• Muscle rigidity
• Proximal/distal muscle weakness unilaterally or bilaterally
• Cranial nerve involvement may be present.
• Unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity
• Abnormal gait may be present (trunkal ataxia)
• Positive Trendelenburg’s sign may be present
• Unilateral/bilateral tremor
• Dysmetria may be present^[4][5][6]

• Extremities examination of patients with astrocytoma is usually normal.