Basal cell carcinoma staging
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D. Maneesha Nandimandalam, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Overview
The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages basal cell carcinoma based on the TNM system. T, M, and N are combined into stages, called stage grouping.
Basal Cell Carcinoma Staging
Basal Cell Carcinoma Staging
The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages basal cell carcinoma based on the TNM system:[1]
T – tumor
N – lymph nodes
M – metastasis
The following table summarizes the T categories:
| T Categories | Description |
| TX | Primary tumor cannot be identified |
| Tis | Carcinoma in situ |
| T1 | Tumor ≤2 cm in greatest dimension |
| T2 | Tumor >2 cm, but ≤4 cm in greatest dimension |
| T3 | Tumor >4 cm in maximum dimension or minor bone erosion or perineural invasion or deep invasion |
| T4 | Tumor with gross cortical bone/marrow, skull base invasion and/or skull base foramen invasion |
| T4a | Tumor with gross cortical bone/marrow invasion |
| T4b | Tumor with skull base invasion and/or skull base foramen involvement |
The following table summarizes the N categories:
| N categories | Description |
| NX | Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed |
| N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
| N1 | Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, ≤3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative |
| N2 | Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, ≤3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE positive; or >3 cm but ≤6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative; or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none >6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative; or in bilateral or contralateral lymph node(s), none >6 cm in greatest dimension, ENE negative. |
| N2a | Metastasis in single ipsilateral node ≤3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE positive; or a single ipsilateral node >3 cm but ≤6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative. |
| N2b | Metastasis in multiple ipsilateral nodes, none >6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative. |
| N2c | Metastasis in bilateral or contralateral lymph node(s), none >6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative. |
| N3 | Metastasis in a lymph node >6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative; or in a single ipsilateral node >3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE positive; or multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral nodes, any with ENE-positive status; or a single contralateral node of any size and ENE positive. |
| N3a | Metastasis in a lymph node >6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE negative. |
| N3b | Metastasis in a single ipsilateral node >3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE positive; or multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral nodes, any with ENE-positive status; or a single contralateral node of any size and ENE positive. |
The following table summarizes the M categories:
| M categories | Description |
| M0 | No distant metastasis |
| M1 | Distant metastasis |
The T, N, and M categories are combined into stages. The following table summarizes the stage grouping.
| Stage | TNM Grouping |
| 0 | Tis, N0, M0 |
| I | T1, N0, M0 |
| II | T2, N0, M0 |
| III | T3, N0, M0; T1-T3, N1, M0 |
| IV | T1-T3, N2, M0; Any T, N3, M0; T4, any N, M0; Any T, any N, M1 |
References
References
- ↑ Amin, Mahul (2017). AJCC cancer staging manual. Switzerland: Springer. ISBN 3319406175.
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