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Beauvericin
Introduction
Beauvericin is a toxic depsipeptide with antibiotic and insecticidal effects belonging to the enniatin family. It was isolated from the fungus Beauveria bassiana, but is also produced by several other fungi, including several Fusarium species;[1] it may therefore occur in grain (such as corn, wheat and barley) contaminated with these fungi.[1][2][3] Beauvericin is active against Gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria, and is also capable of inducing programmed cell death in mammals.[1]
Chemically, beauvericin is a cyclic hexadepsipeptide with alternating methyl-phenylalanyl and hydroxy-iso-valeryl residues. Its ion-complexing capability allows beauvericin to transport alkaline earth metal and alkali metal ions across cell membranes.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Logrieco A, Moretti A, Castella G; et al. (1998). “Beauvericin production by Fusarium species”. Appl Environ Microbiol. 64 (8): 3084–8. PMID 9687479. PMC 106821
- ↑ Logrieco A, Rizzo A, Ferracane R, Ritieni A (2002). “Occurrence of beauvericin and enniatins in wheat affected by Fusarium avenaceum head blight”. Appl Environ Microbiol. 68 (1): 82–5. PMID 11772612. PMC 126553
- ↑ Jestoi M, Rokka M, Yli-Mattila T, Parikka P, Rizzo A, Peltonen K (2004). “Presence and concentrations of the Fusarium-related mycotoxins beauvericin, enniatins and moniliformin in finnish grain samples”. Food additives and contaminants. 21 (8): 794–802. doi:10.1080/02652030410001713906. PMID 15370831.