Bornholm disease physical examination

Physical findings may vary amongst patients and may also vary according to the underlying cause. If the disease is due to the Coxsackie virus, findings such as oral ulcerations, throat discomfort or pain, diarrhea as well as vomiting may be seen. For patients experiencing localized chest tenderness, abdominal rigidity and guarding may present difficulty performing a complete physical examination. The pain may result in tachycardia. Pulmonary symptoms include pleural effusion, cough, rhinorrhea and difficulty breathing. Fever may present with headaches and potentially progress to febrile seizures.

Patients may appear in distress with abdominal rigidity and guarding. History of fever is also common.

• Pulse: > 100/minute due to chest pain
• Temperature: > 38 C/100.4 F
• Respiratory Rate: 18 breaths/minute

• Oral ulcerations may be seen^[1]
• Throat discomfort/ pain^[2]

• Rash^[3]

• Tachycardia (> 100/minute)
• Pericardial rub^[4]

• Pleural effusion^[5]
• Cough^[6]
• Rhinorrhea^[7]
• Difficulty breathing^[8]

• Headache
• Febrile seizures

• No significant findings

• Diarrhea
• Vomitting
• Abdominal rigidity and guarding upon examination^[11]

• Localized tenderness upon palpation^[12] with pain radiating around the intercostal space^[13]

• Generalized weakness^[14]
• Reduced tendon reflexes may be seen in some cases^[15]

• No significant findings

• No significant findings

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