Burn historical perspective

The first case of burns injury was discovered from more than 3,500 years ago. French barber-surgeon Ambroise Paré was the first to describe different degrees of burns in the 1500s. For many decades after original description, there was little progress in defining the pathogenesis of burns occurred and different treatment. In the 1900’s, it was found that the development of modern burn care began by Arabian physician his name Rhazes, at about the ninth century. In 1940’s major advances procedure was acknowledged(skin graft). to improve the body structure and early wound healing of patients. The term was subsequently formally adopted in medical nomenclature to describe individuals of all ages with a characteristic common symptom pattern, disease causes, and treatment.

Burns injury was discovered from more than 3,500 years ago, since the people use the fire either to prepare the food or to warm themselves.

• many types of treating records during the centuries, Egyptians treated burns by incantations and a mixture of gum, goat’s hair, and milk from a woman who had given birth to a son^[1].

• In the 1500 BCE (years before Christ) Smith papyrus reports of some type of linen strips soaked in an oily preparation ( honey and the salve of resin)^[2].

• Between the sixth and fifth centuries B.C., Chinese and Japanese used tinctures and extracts made from tea leaves rich in tannic acid( recent use) documented to 600 BCE, Neanderthal, man treated burns with extracts of plants, 430 B.C., Hippocrates suggested pig fat, vinegar and tanning with solutions of oak bark. In ancient Rome there were apparently three methods in use:^[3]

• • (1) Celsus described treatment with a honey and bran, and then cork and ashes(wine and myrrh) documented to 100 CE.

• • (2) Pliny the Elder wondered if it would not be better to allow burns to remain exposed to the open air rather than covering them with grease.

• • (3) Galen prescribed vinegar or wine. French barber-surgeon Ambroise Paré was the first to describe different degrees of burns in the 1500s. Guillaume Dupuytren expanded these degrees into six different severities in 1832.

• Paulus of Aegina, a Byzantine of the seventh century A.D. whose writings reflected Greco-Roman thought, used various emollient preparations.

• The famous Arabian physician, Rhazes, at about the ninth century, used ice cold water. The first hospital to treat burns opened in 1843 in London, England, and the development of modern burn care began in the late 1800s and early 1900s.

• During World War I, Henry D. Dakin and Alexis Carrel developed standards for the cleaning and disinfecting of burns and wounds using sodium hypochlorite solutions, which significantly reduced mortality.

• In the 1940s, the importance of early excision and skin grafting was acknowledged, and around the same time, fluid resuscitation and formulas to guide it were developed. In the 1970s, researchers demonstrated the significance of the hypermetabolic state that follows large burns ^[4][5][6][7].

Template:WikiDoc Sources