C4 glomerulopathy differential diagnosis
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Ali Poyan Mehr, M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Olufunmilola Olubukola M.D.[3]
Overview
Overview
C4 glomerulopathy must be differentiated from other diseases that cause proteinuria, hematuria, and peripheral edema, such as IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulus /minimal change disease, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and lupus nephritis.
Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
On the basis of proteinuria, hematuria, C4 dense deposition, and edema, C4 glomerulopathy must be differentiated from IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, membranous nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, focal Segmental Glomerulus /minimal change disease[1].
| Disease | History and Physical Examination | Diagnostic approach | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proteinuria | Hematuria | Peripheral edema | Hypertension | Weight gain | C4 dense deposition in the glomerulus | Complement pathway | Gold standard test | |
| IgA Nephropathy | + | + | + | + | + | Mesengial | – | Renal biopsy |
| Membranous Nephropathy | + | – | + | – | + | Glomerular capillary wall | – | Renal biopsy |
| Focal Segmental Glomerulus /Minimal Change Disease | + | + | + | – | + | No Cd4 deposits | + | Renal biopsy |
| Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis | + | – | + | + | + | Along capillary walls | – | Renal biopsy |
| Lupus Nephritis | – | + | + | + | + | Mesangium and capillary wall | + | Renal biopsy |
References
References
- ↑ Chandra P (2019). “C4d in Native Glomerular Diseases”. Am J Nephrol. 49 (1): 81–92. doi:10.1159/000496059. PMID 30612132.
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