Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Carcinoid syndrome echocardiography or ultrasound
Introduction
Overview
Overview
Trans-thoracic echocardiography findings include thickening and retraction of immobile tricuspid valve leaflets with associated tricuspid regurgitation and immobility of the pulmonary valve cusps. Trans-esophageal echocardiography findings provide incremental assessment of the degree of cardiac valve involvement and the atrial septal anatomy in patients with carcinoid heart disease.
Echocardiography
Echocardiography
Transthoracic echocardiography
- It is the gold standard for diagnosis and follow-up of carcinoid heart disease.[1][2]
- Should be performed in all patients with carcinoid syndrome and high suspicion of carcinoid heart disease such as clinical features or raised NT-proBNP and/or 5-HIAA levels.
- Findings includes followings:
- Thickening and retraction of immobile tricuspid valve leaflets with associated tricuspid regurgitation, which is severe at the time of identification in 90 percent of patients.
- Immobility of the pulmonary valve cusps.
Transesophageal echocardiography
- TEE is primarily used intraoperatively to image the patient with carcinoid heart disease during valve replacement surgery.[3]
- TEE may provide incremental assessment of the degree of cardiac valve involvement and the atrial septal anatomy in patients with carcinoid heart disease.
Cardiac magnetic resonance
- It can be used to evaluate the pulmonary valve, identify cardiac metastases, and assess right ventricular size and function.[4]
References
References
- ↑ Pellikka PA, Tajik AJ, Khandheria BK, Seward JB, Callahan JA, Pitot HC, Kvols LK (April 1993). “Carcinoid heart disease. Clinical and echocardiographic spectrum in 74 patients”. Circulation. 87 (4): 1188–96. PMID 7681733.
- ↑ Stougiannos, Pavlos; Michas, George; Evdoridis, Constantinos; Arapantoni-Dadioti, Petroula; Tolios, Panagiotis; Kaplanis, Ioannis; Trikas, Athanasios (2017). “Carcinoid heart disease in an elderly female patient: the value of transthoracic echocardiography”. Hellenic Journal of Cardiology. 58 (1): 65–68. doi:10.1016/j.hjc.2017.01.018. ISSN 1109-9666.
- ↑ Banzali, Franklin M.; Tiwari, Anil K.; Frantz, Robert; D’Attellis, Nicola (2007). “Valvular Heart Disease Caused by Carcinoid Syndrome: Emphasis on the Use of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography”. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. 21 (6): 855–857. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2007.06.014. ISSN 1053-0770.
- ↑ Bastarrika G, Cao MG, Cano D, Barba J, de Buruaga JD (2005). “Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of carcinoid heart disease”. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 29 (6): 756–9. PMID 16272847.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]