
Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions — written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Carcinoma of the penis epidemiology and demographics
Introduction
Overview
Overview
The incidence of carcinoma of the penis is approximately 1 per 100,000 males in the United States. The majority of cases are reported in less developed areas. The incidence of carcinoma of the penis increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 60 years.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- Penile cancer is a malignancy that is rare in the Western Hemisphere [1] [2]
- The incidence of carcinoma of the penis is approximately 1 per 100,000 males in the United States
- Penile cancer accounts for 0.4–0.6% of malignant diagnoses in the USA and Europe, and is responsible for 0.1% of cancer deaths
- The incidence is significantly higher in developing countries where penile cancer constitutes a significant public health hazard
- Two pathways have been proposed for penile cancer development—one related to HPV infection and the other related to phimosis and/or chronic inflammation
Age
The incidence of carcinoma of the penis increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 60 years.[3][4]
Race
Carcinoma of the penis usually affects individuals of the white, African American, and Hispanic race. Asian males are less likely to develop carcinoma of the penis.[3]
Developing Countries
The majority of carcinoma of the penis cases are reported in less developed areas, such as Africa, Asia, and South America.[5]
References
References
- ↑ Pow-Sang, Mariela R.; Ferreira, Ubirajara; Pow-Sang, Julio M.; Nardi, Aguinaldo C.; Destefano, Victor (2010). “Epidemiology and Natural History of Penile Cancer”. Urology. 76 (2): S2–S6. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2010.03.003. ISSN 0090-4295.
- ↑ National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/types/penile/hp Accessed on Septermber, 30 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hernandez BY, Barnholtz-Sloan J, German RR, Giuliano A, Goodman MT, King JB; et al. (2008). “Burden of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the penis in the United States, 1998-2003”. Cancer. 113 (10 Suppl): 2883–91. doi:10.1002/cncr.23743. PMC 2693711. PMID 18980292.
- ↑ Hegarty PK, Kayes O, Freeman A, Christopher N, Ralph DJ, Minhas S (2006). “A prospective study of 100 cases of penile cancer managed according to European Association of Urology guidelines”. BJU Int. 98 (3): 526–31. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06296.x. PMID 16925747.
- ↑ Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2015). “Cancer statistics, 2015”. CA Cancer J Clin. 65 (1): 5–29. doi:10.3322/caac.21254. PMID 25559415.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
