Health Dictionary
Reliable, easy-to-read patient information on common medical conditions β written in plain language, free of jargon, and grounded in current evidence. Browse the most frequent diagnoses, understand what they mean for everyday life, and learn which steps and questions help you have a focused conversation with your doctor.
Cayler cardiofacial syndrome
Introduction
Asymmetric crying facies is a minor congenital anomaly caused by agenesis or hypoplasia of the depressor anguli oris muscle, one of the muscles that control the movements of the lower lip. This unilateral facial weakness is ο¬rst noticed when the infant cries or smiles, affecting only one corner of the mouth and occurs on the left side in nearly 80% of cases. It is associated with other birth defects in more than 50% of cases.
When the hypoplasia of the depressor anguli oris muscle is associated with congenital cardiac defects, the term ‘Cayler cardiofacial syndrome’ is used. Cayler syndrome is part of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
References
- Sapin SO, Miller AA, Bass HN (2005). “Neonatal asymmetric crying facies: a new look at an old problem”. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 44 (2): 109β19. PMID 15735828
- Lahat E, Heyman E, Barkay A, Goldberg M (2000). “Asymmetric crying facies and associated congenital anomalies: prospective study and review of the literature”. J Child Neurol. 15 (12): 808β10. PMID 11198496
- Cayler GG (1969). “Cardiofacial syndrome. Congenital heart disease and facial weakness, a hitherto unrecognized association”. Arch Dis Child. 44 (233): 69β75. PMID 5765991
- Rioja-Mazza D, Lieber E, Kamath V, Kalpatthi R (2005). “Asymmetric crying facies: A possible marker for congenital malformations”. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 18 (4): 275β7. PMID 16318980